广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院高级英汉汉英口译课件3.ppt

Session 3 形合与意合 Example from a Symposium 各美其美， 美人之美， 美美与共， 天下大同！ Binary Oppositions between English Chinese 英语：法治，刚性，显性，语法型，主体性，聚焦型 汉语：人治，柔性，隐性，语用型，平面性，流散型 Most Importantly: 形合(hypotaxis) vs.意合(parataxis) 形合 (Hypotaxis) The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship with connectives, for example, I shall despair if you don’t come. 意和 (Parataxis) The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation between them. For example, The rain fell; the river flooded; the house washed away. Key Difference – use of connectives Connectives (联系用语) Relative pronoun （关系代词） Relative adverb（关系副词） Coordinator（并列连接词） Subordinator （从属连接词） Overt cohesion vs.Covert cohesion 显性连接 vs. 隐性连接 Relative Pronoun (who, whom, which, that, what) 小句是修饰和被修饰关系，在语法上是主句与定语从句关系。 He is one of the boys who always does well at school. This is what he told us at the meeting. Relative Adverb (when, where, why, how) 小句是修饰和被修饰关系，在语法上是主句和定语从句关系，相当于“介词+which”。 This is the reason why he is leaving so soon. Do you know the way how they solved the problems? 这两类表示小句间关系的关系代词和关系副词是汉语中没有的。 Coordinator and, or, but, both … and …, either …or …, neither … nor …, not only … but also …, so that, as well as, rather than, etc. Subordinator About 70 of them 1) Simple Coordinator（简单从属连词） 2) Compound Coordinator（复合从属连词） 3) Correlative Coordinator（关联复合连词） Examples Analysis 我们应该相互尊重，相互学习，取长补短，共同进步。 We should respect and learn from each other and draw upon others’ strong points to offset one’s own deficiencies for achieving common progress. Examples Analysis 这里，我想就中国纺织品出口的问题谈些看法，希望有助于诸位对现状的了解。 Here, I would like to make some observations on China’s textile export, which I hope will help you understand the present situation better. Here, I would like to make an account on the export of China’s textile products in the hope that all of you will have a clearer picture on the present situation. Examples Analysis 这是我个人的想法，不见得恰当。谢谢！ This is only my personal view, whic