北京地区不同污染状况下颗粒物中元素组分的变化-ERA.PDF

北京地区不同污染状况下颗粒物中元素组分的变化 王庚辰 王普才 任丽新 (中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京,100029) 摘要：本文根据夏季、冬季和春季的大气颗粒物中的元素浓度资料,对不同空气 污染情况下颗粒物中元素浓度的变化特征进行了分析.结果表明,随着城市空气 污染的加重,TSP、PM10 和 PM2.5 中的元素总浓度明显增加,春季其增加幅度可达到 5-7 倍.在重污染情况下,TSP 中的元素排序在夏季和冬季有明显不同,在夏季排 序前三位的均为地壳元素,而冬季污染元素 S 的排序明显提前,在 PM 和 PM 的 10 2.5 元素排序中, 元素 S 的贡献率明显增加.与此同时,随着空气污染的加重,颗粒物 中Cd、Ba、As、Cu、La、Ga、Ce、V、Co等低浓度元素的浓度明显增加. 关键词：气溶胶；化学元素；空气污染 Variation of Element Composition in Particles Under Different Air Pollution in Beijing District Wang Geng-chen Xie Hua Ren Li-xin Wan Xiao-wei (Institute of Atmospheric Physics, CAS, 100029) Abstract: Based on data of element concentration in particles for the summer, winter and spring, variation behaviors of 30 chemical elements were analyzed for various air pollutions. Results show that element total concentration in both TSP ， PM10 and PM2.5 is increasing evidently with increase of air pollution in the city, the increase amplitude is as much as 5-7 times in spring. There is a obvious difference in elements sequence in TSP in heavy pollution days for the summer and winter. In the summer, the crustal elements take front 3 places in elements sequence, while in the winter, the place of element S, as a main pollution element, shifted front obviously and takes the first place in element sequence in PM10 and PM2.5 showing increasing contribution of element S in heavy pollution days in the winter. Meanwhile, concentration increase was found for some low concentration elements, such as Cd, Ba, As, Cu, La, Ga, Ce, V, Co etc. in heavy pollution days. Key words: aerosol; chemical element; air pollution 目前,大气中的气溶胶已成为评价空气质量的重要内容,在很多城市,气溶胶已成为大气中 的主要污染物质,不仅如此,大气气溶胶在大气物理,大气化学以及气候变化等研究中有着重 要地位.因此,气溶胶已成