there e 结构.ppt

There+be+名词词组句型 1. There+be+名词词组句型 There be 句型表示“某地（某时）存在某人（某物）”，there 本身无实在意义，只是引导词，在句中作形式主语；以动词be的适当形式作句子的谓语动词，该句型为倒装句型，主语为表示泛指或不定指的名词（词组），通常置于be 的后面；be 有单、复数及时态、语态变化。 e.g. There is much water in the cup. There are two pens on the desk. 1. There+be+名词词组句型 提示： 1）句子同时有几个主语时，be 的形式和与它最靠近的那个主语的单、复数形式一致。如：There is a shirt, two ties and a trousers on the bed. 2）There be 结构的主语一般是非限定性（泛指）的，不可用 the, this, that, there, those 及所有格代词等修饰。 如： There is the boy over there. There is a boy over there. There are my shoes on the floor. My shoes are on the floor.  2. There be 结构中除be 以外 的其他谓语动词 there 之后除be 外，还可用另外一些及物动词或不及物动词。 1）there + 不及物动词 （1）在不及物动词后加to be 以加强语气，即用“there + vi.+ to be + 名词（词组）”句型。这一句型多用于描写事物，常见的动词有appear, continue, happen, seem 等。 e.g. There appears to be something wrong with the engine. There happened to be an accident in the street yesterday. 昨天那条路上碰巧发生了事故。 There seemed to be more difficulties than we expected. 看起来（似乎）出现了比我们预想的更多的困难。 2. There be 结构中除be 以外 的其他谓语动词 （2）用静态的动词，如 belong, exist, lie, live, remain, stand 等。 e.g. There lived an old farmer in that house. 那座房子里住着一位老农。 There remain a lot of things to do. 还有很多事情要做。 On the left hand there stands a shop window filled with luxury goods. 在左边有一个橱窗装满了奢侈品。 （3）用表示动态的词，如 arrive, break, come, die, enter, follow, fly, flash, go, ride, run, sail 等。 There arrived his father, a professor in Oxford University. 他的父亲，牛津大学的一位教授到了。 2. There be 结构中除be 以外 的其他谓语动词 2）there + 及物动词：there 后接及物动词的情况只偶尔出现。 e.g. There struck me a sudden idea. 我突然想到了一个主意。 3. There be 的时态和语态 1）there be 有现在、过去、完成和将来等时态，通常没有进行时态。 e.g. There have been many such accidents. 这样的事故出现了很多。 There were some students to see you. 一些学生来送你了。 There will be a meeting tomorrow. 明天有一个会。 There will have been a clear result by next Friday. 下星期五以前会有个明确的结果。 3. There be 的时态和语态 2）There be 的被动形式主要用于书面语，而且常限于一些特定的词，如：be