影响马铃薯生长的外界环境(国外英文资料).doc

影响马铃薯生长的外界环境(国外英文资料) The external environment that affects potato growth I. temperature Temperature plays an important role in the growth and yield formation of potato organs. It is related to arranging the sowing time, deciding the planting density and arranging the field management measures. The growth and development of potatoes require cold and cool climate conditions, but the temperature and heat resistance of different types of varieties are different from those of long-term breeding, and the reaction to temperature is also different 1. breaking dormancy Bud at 5 degrees grow very slowly, as the temperature rose to 22 degrees is growth accelerated, bud growth temperature is 13-18 degrees, the new requirements of potato seed harvest at high temperature [25-27] degree to bud germination. Therefore, the germination is according to the physiological age of seed is different at different temperatures to break dormancy, bud strong, suitable for planting. 2. sow When the temperature is 7-8 degrees 10 centimeters underground buds to grow as 10-12 is, of smooth emergence, effects of stem and leaves growth of 1. on the night when the minimum temperature stability is higher than that of -2 is to sow. It can be sowed early by using plastic film mulching. We should prevent the formation of stuffy raw potato tubers, namely after sowing bud into sub tuber. This is because the seed temperature of the seed bed is too high, the bud length is long before seeding, and when the seeds are planted at low temperature, there is no growth condition, which leads to the nutrient transfer of seed tuber and forms new potato chips. In the production practice, the big bud seed potato should not sow early. 3. stems and leaves growth The optimum temperature is about 17-21 degrees. At -0.8 degrees, seedlings were subjected to chilling injury, and seedlings were subjected to frost damage at -1.5 degrees, and -3 degrees were all frozen to death. When the temperature is below 7 degrees or above 42