环境监测试题(国外英文资料).doc

环境监测试题(国外英文资料) Chapter 1 Environmental monitoring: the determination of representative values affecting environmental quality factors to determine environmental quality and trends. (?) The process of environmental monitoring is generally as follows: site investigation, monitoring plan formulation, optimal layout, sample collection, transportation, storage, analysis, testing, data processing, comprehensive evaluation. Environmental monitoring is classified by purpose: Surveillance monitoring Special purpose monitoring; research monitoring. The characteristics of environmental monitoring: comprehensiveness, continuity and traceability. Environmental monitoring techniques: chemical analysis (gravimetric method, volumetric method) (high concentration); instrumental analysis (low concentration). The characteristics of environmental priority pollutants (preferred pollutants): potentially high risk; high frequency of occurrence in the environment; high residual; detection methods; mature chemicals. (?) Chinas environmental priority pollutants blacklist: there are 14 chemical categories, of which 68 kinds of toxic substances, 58 kinds of organic substances, and the 10 is inorganic substances. Chinas environmental standards system: national environmental protection standards; local environmental protection standards (local environmental quality standards; local pollutant discharge standards). Local environmental protection standards should be increased without the items stipulated by the state environmental protection standards, and be stricter than the national environmental protection standards. Water quality standards: surface water has five levels of standards (different functional categories of waters, respectively, the implementation of the corresponding category of standard values, the same waters have a variety of functions, but the implementation of the highest functional categories of the standard value) (?) Sewage discharge standard: the first pollutant: accumulat