02-197防污公约.doc

1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约 各缔约国， 认识到有保护整个人类环境特别是海洋环境的需要， 认识到船舶故意地、随便地或意外地排放油类和其他有害物质，是造成污染的一个重大来源， 也认识到主要为保护环境而缔结的第一个多边协议《1954年国际防止海上油污公约》的重要性和该公约在防止海洋和沿海环境污染方面所作出的重大贡献， 本着彻底消除有意排放油类和其他有害物质污染海洋环境并将这些物质的意外排放减至最低限度的愿望， 考虑到达到这一目的的最好办法是制订一些不限于油污的具有普遍意义的规则， 经协议如下： 第1条 本公约的一般义务 （1） 各缔约国保证实施其承担义务的本公约及其附则的各项规定，以防止由于违反公约排放有害物质或含有这种物质的废液而污染海洋环境。 （2） 除另有明文规定者外，凡引用本公约即同时构成引用其议定书及各附则。 第2条 定 义 除另有明文规定外，就本公约而言： （1） “规则”系指载于本公约附则中的条款。 （2） “有害物质”系指任何进入海洋后易于危害人类健康、伤害生物资源和海生物，损害休憩环境或妨害对海洋的其他合法利用的物质，并包括应受本公约控制的任何物质。 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973 THE PARTIES TO THE CONVENTION, BEING CONSCIOUS of the need to preserve the human environment in general and the marine environment in particular, RECOGNIZING that deliberate, negligent or accidental release of oil and other harmful substances from ships constitutes a serious source of pollution, RECOGNIZING ALSO the importance of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, 1954, as being the first multilateral instrument to be concluded with the prime objective of protecting the environment, and appreciating the significant contribution which the Convention has made in preserving the seas and coastal environment from pollution, DESIRING to achieve the complete elimination of intentional pollution of the marine environment by oil and other harmful substances and the minimization of accidental discharge of such substances, CONSIDERING that this object may best be achieved by establishing rules not limited to oil pollution having a universal purport, HAVE AGREED as follow: Article 1 General obligations under the Convention (1) The Parties to the Convention undertake to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention and those Annexes thereto by which they are bound, in order to prevent the pollution of the marine environment by the discharge of harmful substances or efflue