英语《主谓一致》教案.doc

主谓一致主谓一致是指：1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。　 There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。　 Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.语法形式上的一致? 主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。? The?number?of?students?in?our?school?is?1,700.? Mary?and?Kelly?look?alike.? what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 如：What I bought were three English books. What he needs is encouragement. 2、意义上一致? （1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。? The?crowd?were?runing?for?their?lives.? 单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。? （2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。The?news?is?very?exciting.? 形复意单的单词有以ics结尾的学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等。? 3、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最近它的词语。如连词either?…?or等连接的并列主语，谓语动词与近它的主语一致。? Either?you?or?I?am?mad.?并列结构作主语时谓语用复数Reading and writing are very important.1)当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。　The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. .成对的名词用and连接,表示单一概念,bread and butter (涂黄油的面包) , soda and water(汽水), aim and end(目的), coffee and milk(加牛奶的咖啡), salt and water(盐水), knife and fork(刀叉), 做主语时,谓语动词用单数. 2)“the+ 形容词/-ed分词”，表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；表示一类事物时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：The good in him outweighs the bad. / The wounded were taken good care of.2 主谓一致中的近原则1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。　There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..　There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.2）当either… or…,neither… nor，not?only?…?but?also　连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致1）当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as rather than ,including 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating.Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. She, like you and Tom, is very tall. 2）this?kind?of?book?=?a?book?of?this