英语主语和主语从句.doc

英语主语和主语从句精简讲解 01英语主语 句子成分概述 S十V主谓结构 S十V十F主系表结构 S十V十O主谓宾结构 S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构 S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构 主语指句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动名词，从句等充当。 (一) 词类作主语 1．名词作主语 Tom, uncle, friend, horse, whale, insect, tree, flower, house, idea, light, honesty,British等 The hunter killed the lion.? (The city famous for its beauty) is not far away. 2．代词作主语 they, ours, both, everybody, that, some, who, which, few等 ? I am hungry. Which is the best? 3．数词作主语 three, first, two-thirds, percent, quarter等 (Two-thirds of the students )are boys in our school. 4．the+形容词/v-ed/v-ing结构作主语。 (1) The young should respect the old . (2) The dying and the wounded needed help. (3) The wounded have been sent to hospital and the lost are being searched for. (二) 非谓语类作主语 1．不定式作主语 (通常用it作形式主语) (1) To remember to switch off the electricity is important. (2) It is a pity not to go to the concert with you. (3) It took us five hours to get here. 疑问词+ to 复合结构 What to do next hasnt been decided 2．V-ing（动名词）作主语 (通常用it作形式主语) Smoking is bad for your health. Buying clothes cost her a lot of money. (1) It is no good complaining. (2) It is no use arguing with him. 注意： (1) It is important learning foreign languages. (误) (2) It is important to learn foreign languages. (正) V-ing作主语通常表示抽象动作，而不定式结构作主语通常表示具体动作。 (1) Its no use crying over spilt milk. (2) He realized that to go on like this was no use. (三) 从句类作主语 1．that从句作主语(通常用it作形式主语) (1) That he will succeed is certain. That he came late made us worried. (2) It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. [注意] that从句放于句首时，that不能省略。 2．wh-从句作主语 注意用陈述语序 主语从句大多数情况下视为单三,但也有例外 What we need is time. What we need are good doctors. What caused the accident remains unknown. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. It is not clear who was responsible for the accident. It is not known when he did it. It is not important whether you are a male or a female in the job. 3．注意连接代词whoever, whate