英语基本成分和句型结构.doc

英语基本成分和句型结构 Consolidation: Write down the words according to these given phonetic symbols 英语有多少词类? 名词 (n.) 如 book, computer, water. 代词 (pron.) 如 I, you, his. 动词 (v.) 如 come, write, bring. 形容词(adj./a.) 如 happy, surprised, clear. 副词 (adv./ad) 如 here, today, happily. 数词 (num.) 如 four, sixty, fourth. 介词 (prep.) 如 on, under, about. 连词 (conj.) 如 and, or, when. 冠词 (art.) 如 a, the. 感叹词 (int.) 如 oh, ouch, dear. 词类学习要点 Translation: 今天他值日。 妈妈非常喜欢我。 这辆车不是我的，是汤姆的。 2. 动词分为四类：实义动词（及物动词，不及物动词），系动词，助动词，和情态动词。 1.Tom works in this factory and works a new machine. 2.My uncle runs a big shop. 3.The girl looks happy and looks happily at everyone. 4.You needn’t buy a walkman but you need a new record. 5.Her mother stays young and stays at home every day. 6.Our manager hasn’t come because she has a few guests to receive. 7.Do you often do your homework at home? 3. 动词原形不能做主语 帮助他人的确是一件快乐的事情。 Help others is really a pleasure.(×) 4. 副词修饰？ The girl speaks English very good. The farmers treat us very friendly. Most of us very like English. 句子基本成分 主语  是一个句子所叙述的主体，是动作的发出者，一般位于句首。 (一) 主语： 1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2.We often speak English in class. 3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. 4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 5.Smoking does harm to the health. 6.The rich should help the poor. 谓语 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。 1.I dont like the picture on the wall. 2.The days get longer and longer when summer comes. 3.Do you usually go to school by bus? 4.What I want to tell you is this. 5.We had better send for a doctor. 6.He is interested in music. 表语  用以说明主语的性质、特征、状态与身份，它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。 1.Our teacher of English is an American. 2.The weather has turned cold. 3.His job is to teach English. 4.His hobby is playing football. 5.Soon they