解析高考中不带to的动词不定式.doc

解析高考中不带to的动词不定式 动词不定式通常是指由to加上动词原形（如to write）所构成的一种非限定动词形式，但在有些情况下to则可以省略。不定式符号to的省略是高中英语语法教学的一个重要内容，也一直是高考考查热点。下面笔者结合近年高考及相关试题对此作一归纳总结。??? 除了我们所熟知的使役动词make、let、have和感官动词see、watch、notice、hear、feel、listen to、look at、observe等后通常用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语外，还有如下结论：一、在had better、would rather、may/might as well、rather than等搭配之后，动词不定式也不带to。例如：If youd rather be aloue, well all leave here. 如果你宁愿独自呆着，那我们都离开这儿。 You might as well go without her. 你们还是不带她去为好。【考例】If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better____it-youve got some big bills coming.（2004广东）A. forget　　　　B. forgot C. forgetting　　 D. to forget二、在介词but，except之后，如果其前有动词do的某种形式，其后不定式一般不带to，反之则必须带to，表示“不得不，只能”。例如： He does nothing but watch TV all day long. 他整天除了看电视无所事事。I have no choice but to accept the fact. 我别无选择只有接受这个事实。【考例】Sandy could do nothing but____to his teacher that be was wrong.（2001上海）A. admit　　　B.admitted C. admitting　D. to admit 三、以why或why not开头引起的无主语中，动词不定式要省略to。Why argue with him? 为什么要和他争辩呢？Why not tell me about it in time? 为什么不及时告诉我这个问题？??? 【考例】??? —I usually go there by train.??? —Why not____by boat for a change???? A. to try going　　B. trying to go??? C. to try and go　 D. try going??? 四、在主语以what、all、the only thing等开头的包含行为动词do的句子中，作为主语补足语的不定式常可省略to。??? The only thing you can do is wait and see.??? 你唯一可做的只有等待和观望了。??? All I can do is help you finish the work on time.??? 我能做的所有事情就是帮你按时完成工作。??? 【考例】??? At present the best thing you should dO is____ another job.??? A. look for　　　B. looks for??? C. looked for　　D. looking for??? 五、为了避免重复，由and或or连接两个不定式时，一般可以省略第二个不定式符号to。例如：??? Im really puzzled what to think or say.??? 我真不知道该怎么想和怎么说。??? We want to swim and climb the hills next Saturday.??? 我们下个星期六想游泳、爬山。??? 【考例】??? The captain decided to send his car there and____at once.??? A. pick them up　　　B. pick up them??? C. picked them up　　D. picked up them??? 注：如果前后两个不定式在意义上有对比关系时，不定式符号to不能省略。例如：??? I came not to scold, but to praise you.??? 我来不是批评你，而是表扬你的。??? 六、一些含有but的固定搭配短语如can no