语法复习1-名词性从句.doc

语法复习专题之复合句 一．名词性从句 What he said surprised everyone present. 主语从句 I didn’t know who I can turn to. 宾语从句 The problem is how we can get there. 表语从句 The news that our team had won the match inspired all of us. 同位语从句 考点： what / that引导的区别 whether / if引导的区别 名从与定从、状从的区别 it作形主、形宾 名从中的虚拟语气 知识清单： that 主语从句 用it作形式主语： It is certain that she will do well in her exam. obvious, true, natural, possible, likely, … It is no surprise that our team has won the game. no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, … It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, … 2. that从句位于句首时，that绝对不能省略 That we are invited to the concert this evening is good news to us. 宾语从句 1. He has made it clear that he will not give in. think, make, consider, find, … He differs from his classmates in that he devoted his spare time to reading. that从句一般不能充当介宾,偶尔可作except, in的宾语。 You may depend on it that I shall always help you. 在其他介词后需用that从句作宾语时,必须用it作形式宾语。 3. I’d appreciate it that you carry out the experiment as directed. 注意以上3种需要用it作形式宾语的情况！ 表语从句 同位语从句 whether / if是否 1) Whether the meeting will be held is still a problem. 主语从句放在句首，只能用whether 2) The problem is whether the meeting will be given. 3) I have no idea whether the meeting will be given. 表语从句、同位语从句中只能用whether 4) I don’t care if he doesn’t come. （P70）宾语从句为否定句时用if 5) It depends on whether you can do the work well. 介词后只用whether whether/if … or not whether or not 特殊疑问词名从的几个难点： 1）that不可省略的情况 2）wh-ever和no matter wh-的用法区别’t listen to me. 让步状从 = No matter what I said, he …. b) He would believe whatever I said. 宾从 3）that引导的同从与that引导的定从的区别 4）as if/though, because, why引导的表从 ’s because he didn’t work hard enough. c) My mother was ill. That was why I asked for three days’ leave. 堂上即时训练： I. 1. Einsteins most famous theory is what we call the Theory of Relativity. 2. Perseverance is a kind of quality—and that’s what it takes to do anything well. 3. Mark