关于村委会的研究综述.doc

本科生专业文献综述 题 目: 关于村委会的研究综述 姓 名: 董强 学 院: 人文社会科学学院 专 业: 社会学 班 级: 社会51 学 号: 2215127 指导教师: 李义波 职称: 讲师 2008年6月20日 南京农业大学教务处制 关于村委会的研究综述 社会学专业学生 董强 指导老师 李义波 摘要：近年来，三农问题一直是社会所持续关注的问题。村委会自改革开放成立以来就承担了中国基层民主建设的重任，推行村委会制度作为解决当今三农问题的一个重要方面，也一直是人们讨论的重点。但由于种种原因，村委会在自身建设方面受到了来自体制内外的一系列制约因素。本综述从村委会选举、村委会职能、村委会治理架构以及村委会与村党组织和乡镇政府的关系等一系列方面展开，进而提供一些可供参考的建议。 关键词：村委会; 职能; 选举; 治理架构 A survey On the Village Committee Student majoring in Sociology DongQiang Tutor LiYibo Abstract：Three Agricultural Issues has always been attracting the enormous attention of our society in recent years. The village committee has been undertaking the responsibility of China’s grassroots democracy- building since its emergence after the reform and opening up. Meanwhile, the village committee has become a focal point discussed by people for the significant role it is playing in resolving Three Agricultural Issues. However, due to various reasons，the village committee/it is receiving a series of disadvantageous factors from its interior and exterior in the progress of self-building. This review unfolds from the villiage committee’s self-election, functions, governmental structure as well as its relationships between village-party organizations and town governments, together with aspects like that to provide some reference suggestions. Key words：The village committeeunctions;Election;Governance structure 引言 20世纪80年代初，为应付因人民公社解体而出现的政治真空状态，广西宜山县和罗城县农民自发组织“村民委员会”。但直至1988 年《村委会组织法（试行）》的颁布和1998 年《村委会组织法》的正式实施，真正意义上的农村基层民主选举才在中国乡土社会发芽、生长。村委会选举使村民自主地参与到农村的政治舞台上去，为他们行使自己的权利提供了一条政治途径，同时也促进了农村民主的发展。但是众所周知，中国的集权传统、城乡二元结构、东西部的巨大差距都使得中国在村民自治这条道路上走得艰难异常，出现了许许多多另当初的制度设计者们无从想象的情况，这些共同构成了当今中国农