When引导的三类从句.doc

When引导的三类从句　　When作为连词,可以引导名词从句、定语从句和时间状语从句。请看下面这段短文,其中就出现了when引导的这三类从句。　　　　1. (a) Many students say that their time at university is when they can experience pure love. (b) This is a time when love is innocent when two people come together for love, rather than a house, car or a good job. There are no pressures from parents to get married as they are still young. (c)It is a time when they can choose who they love and how they love away from outside pressure. Even though the relationship may break up, it will bring sweet memories in later years.　　很多学生都说,在大学期间才能经历真正纯真的爱情。在此期间,爱是单纯的,两个人走到一起完全是因为爱,而不是为了房子、车子或者好工作。由于还年轻,他们也不会迫于父母的压力而结婚。这一期间,他们可以不受外界的任何干扰而去选择自己爱的对象和爱的方式。即使最终两人分手了,这期间的爱情也会成为日后甜蜜的回忆。　　上面的小短文中出现了四个when引导的从句,下面笔者逐一分析各句的结构与类型。首先来看a句:　　a. Many students say that their time at university is when they can experience pure love. 　　我们可以看到,这里when引导的从句用在了系动词is后,也就是说,这一从句是一个表语从句(名词从句的一种)。这里的when相当于“the time when”,所以a句可改写成:“Many students say that their time at university is the time when they can experience pure love.”改写之后,句子中的when引导的就是一个定语从句了。下面请看b句:　　b. This is a time when love is innocent when two people come together for love, rather than a house, car or a good job. 　　b句中有两个when引导的从句,第一个从句“when love is innocent”修饰前面的时间名词time,是一个定语从句;而第二个when引导的从句“when two people come together for love, rather than a house, car or a good job”是描述前面的谓语“is innocent”,是时间状语从句,用于说明什么时候爱情才是纯真的,这时when译成“当……时候”。再来看c句:　　c. It is a time when they can choose who they love and how they love away from outside pressure. 　　显然,c句和b句的第一个从句类似,when引导的是定语从句,修饰前面的a time。　　　　如何区分when引导的定语从句与时间状语从句　　从以上的分析中,我们知道when引导的三类从句各有自己的结构、特征和意义,那么该如何区分这三类从句呢?本期笔者通过以下例句,先跟大家探讨一下如何区分when引导的定语从句与时间状语从句。　　　　2. a. I graduated from Cambridge University when I was 22 years old. 　　我22岁的时候从剑桥大学毕业。　　 b. I graduated from Cambridge University last summer, when I was 22 years old.　　我去年夏季从剑桥大学毕业,当时我22岁。　　我们知道,a句中的从句为时间状语从句,修饰动词graduate,而b句中的从句为定语从句,修饰的是when前面的时间状语last summer。通过对比,我们可以总结出when引导的这两种从句有如下四点不同:　　第