高中物理5末小结.ppt

第 5 章;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; 专题一　运用万有引力定律的思路和方法 万有引力定律的发现对天文学的发展起到了巨大的推动作用。同学们在运用这一规律解题时应抓住以下三点。 1．建立两种模型 确定研究对象的物理模型是解题的首要环节，运用万有引力定律也不例外，无论是自然天体(如月球、地球、太阳)，还是人造天体(如宇宙飞船、卫星、空间站)，也不管它多么大，首先应把它们抽象为质点模型。人造天体可直接看做质点，自然天体可看做质量集中在球心的质点。这样，它们之间的运动就抽象为一个质点绕另一个质点的匀速圆周运动。;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; [例证1] 某星球“一天”的时间T＝6 h，用弹簧测力计在星球的“赤道”上测重力时，比在“两极”处测得的读数小10%。设想该星球自转的角速度加快，使赤道上的物体会自动飘起来，这时星球的“一天”是多少小时？;[答案]　 1.9 h;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.; 2．近地卫星 所谓近地卫星指的是卫星的运行半径约等于地球的半径，卫星做匀速圆周运动所需的向心力由万有引力提供。它的运行速度为第一宇宙速度，是最大绕行速度。 3．同步卫星 相对于地面静止且与地球自转具有相同周期的卫星叫地球同步卫星，又叫通讯卫星。同步卫星有以下几个特点： (1)运行方向一定：同步卫星的运行方向与地球的自转方向一致。;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 As