英语与精读4整理-Grammar.doc

Grammar 一、present participle and verbal noun 现在分词和动名词 sleeping animals (p.p.) 现在分词和名词构成主谓关系 sleeping animals are animals which sleeps. a walking dictionary 2. the parking lot ( v.n.) a lot which use for parking the sleeping pills the heating season a season when heating is require 二、verbal nouns for description 1. verbal noun + noun eg: the heating season/the hearing aid noun + verbal noun eg: zebra crossing/tap dancing/house warming/money grabbing 乔迁之喜 惟利是图 Comparative Degree 比较级 1. as … as … 1) as innocent as a dove 2) as graceful as a swan 3) as old as the hills 2. adj + as … as … 1) not anywhere near as … as… 2) by no means as … as … 3) not in the least as … as … eg: John is not anywhere near as generous as he used to be. 3. S be as adj1 as adj2 既1又2 eg: Living on a farm can be as gratifying as forbidding. euphemism 委婉语 no more eg: The beloved president was no more and the people perpetuated the memory of him by erecting a momument. S be all the C.D. for sth eg: David was all the prouder for his rolling wealth. S be none the C.D. for sth 虽然……但……并没减少 Eg: She loves him none the less for his flaws. Present Participles 1. Description for Nouns [ present + n ] a resounding victory an earth-shattering event 震惊世界的事件 an epoch-making event 划时代的事件 Present Participles as adv. [ present + adj. + n ] a blazing/steaming/hissing hot day a freezing/biting/piercing cold day Patterns [ balance ] [ S + V1, V2ing,V3ing and V4ing ] [ S + V1 with S2V2ing, with S3V3ing and with S4V4ing ] eg: Spring is here, with larks warbling their melodies, with flowers splurging in the flower-bed, and with people luxuriating in such inviting season. [ Negative Patterns ] 否定式句型 1. Not withstanding A,B eg: Not withstanding he try to cork up his sorrow, he was still shed copious tears. 2. There’s no doubt but that…… 毫无疑问的是 eg: There’s no doubt but that even a Sphinx-like genius can only secure a resounding accomplishment thro