英语与阅读训练--归纳概括主题.doc

英语阅读训练--归纳概括主题 ( Title and Main Idea ) 归纳概括中心主旨的题目是高考必考题目，考查考生通过阅读理解,总结归纳，找出文章中心意思的能力。??要做好这类题考生必须区分主要信息和次要信息；既看到树木,?更看到森林；要跳出一词一句，而俯瞰全文；要通读全文，通篇理解。找出主题句(topic sentence) 是一个有用的方法。 中心意思(main idea)通常是一个完整的句子，它应能全面准确地概括文章的中心主旨；最佳题目(the best title)可以是一个短语词组，它除能概括文章的中心主旨外，还有吸引读者，引发阅读兴趣的任务。 ①The subject of the passage is ________. ②The main idea is ________. ③The title is ________. ④The passage mainly talks about ________. ⑤What topic is treated in this passage ________. ⑥The point of the passage is that ________. ⑦What’s the topic of the first paragraph? ⑧The best headline for the passage would be ________. ⑨Which title best gives the idea of the passage? ⑩What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph? 1. 主题句位于段首 其特点是演绎式，开门见山提出论点，再分别说明。例如： People have known about gold for a very long time(主题句). The early cave people knew of gold（论据）. Gold cups were used by people who lived more than 5,000 years ago（论据）. Gold necklaces and other things made of gold have been found in Egypt. They are also more than 5,000 years old（论据）. Q: The main idea of the passage is ________. A. gold is widely used B. many things can be made of gold. C. gold was known by people long times ago. D. gold was found 5,000 years ago [分析] 第一句是文章的主题句，其后分3个论据来论叙这一主题。答案C与文章主题同义。在阅读中要注意，所有用语证明论点的根据和理由都应具一定的逻辑关系。我们可以按照这种逻辑关系推断出结论。 2. 主题句位于段尾 其特点是归纳式，即细节在前，概括在后。例如： One of the most important uses of gold is for money. Gold can be used to make rings, earrings, and other things. Gold is also used to make gold leaf, a very flat ribbon （带）of gold that is often used on picture frames. Cups and dishes can also be made from gold. Gold has many uses. Q: The best title of this passage is ________. A. the most important uses of gold B. wide uses of gold C. many things made of gold D. the importance of gold. [分析] 这一段是从金子最主要的用途谈起，然后用also, often等词列举出其他用途，最后归纳出 “gold has many uses”这一主题，与B选项一致。 3. 主题句位于段中 其特点是：引题—主题—解释或提问—回答—解释。例如： A port is a place where ships s