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Endocrine System 2011 医学英文课件-内分泌系统
The Endocrine System
Dr. Z Zhang
zhongfangzhang@stu.edu.cn
Department of Physiology
Objectives
• By the end of this section, students should be able to
– Define endocrine, hormone, receptor
– List the main endocrine glands and their secretions
– Describe negative feedback control of hormone secretion
What is Endocrine System?
• A system of glands
• A system of signals
• A system of regulation
What does Endocrine System Do?
• To secrete hormones
• To transmit chemical messages
• To maintain homeostasis
Gland
• Gland
– Exocrine gland
• Having ducts
• e.g: sweating
– Endocrine gland
• Without ducts
• e.g: thyroid gland
Major
Endocrine
Glands
Hypothalamus
↓
Pituitary
↓
Target glands
Hormone
• Chemical substance from endocrine tissue
• Signal molecule
• Acting through receptor to regulate body
functions
Receptor
• Receptors
– Surface receptor
– Intracellular receptor
Hormone, Receptor and Target Cell
Feedback Control of Hormone Secretion
The Hypothalamus and the Pituitary
• Hypothalamus
– Master gland
– TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH, Somatostatin
• Pituitary gland/hypophysis
– Adenohypophysis
• Regulating other endocrine glands
• TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, MSH, GH, Prolactin
– Neurohypophysis
• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
• Oxytosin (OXT)
Gigantism and Drafism
Acromegaly
Diabetes Insipidus
Thyroid Gland
• Thyroid hormones
– Regu
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