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便携式火车轮磨损检测仪 Portable Wheel Irregularities Detection Device 作者： 贾平 单位：鄂尔多斯市产品质量计量检测所 2009年4月  便携式火车轮磨损检测仪 摘 要 车轮作为机车车辆的重要部件，踏面的擦伤是影响运行安全性、平稳性的重要因素，所以车轮踏面故障的测量是铁路部门一直密切关注和不断研究改进的课题。显然，对于不便拆卸与人工移动的铁道车轮，其测量工具主要还是便携式仪器。本论文通过对轮对相关知识的了解及国内外轮对静态、动态检测技术的深入了解，开发了一种新型的便携式踏面磨损检测装置，利用LVDT位移传感器测量参考点与踏面和轮缘之间的距离，并将与之相对应的电压值输出，再通过相关的公式计算，得到对应的磨损值，这样可以方便及时的了解车轮的擦伤状况。 本测量系统主要由接触式位移传感器、数据采集处理系统以及与计算机的数据通讯系统三部分组成。其中位移传感器选用的是LVDT位移传感器，该传感器线性好、重复性好，且能在较为恶劣的环境中工作。在实际检测过程中采用传感器水平和垂直安装方式检测水平位移量和垂直位移量，该数据经过调理电路送入系统芯片ADuC812进行数据处理，然后将处理结果显示并存储，最终通过USB传输到PC机上。 实验表明：运用便携式火车轮磨损检测仪可以很方便、快捷的检测出踏面和轮缘的磨损量，实验表明精度能够满足铁道部相关规定的标准。 关键词：火车轮、踏面磨损、测量、便携式 Portable Wheel Irregularities Detection Device Abstract The Problem that how to measure the fault of the tread profile is concerned all along and perpetual studied and improved. That is because the irregularities of tread profile are the key factor of influencing the safety，stabilization.Obviously,the best measuring equipment is portable instrument because the train wheel is hard to move or tear down.Firstly, wheelset knowledge related to the research was introduced. After a deep study of various inspection techniques, I empolder a new on- line measurement equipment of tread irregularities. It makes use of LVDT movement sensor which capture the distance between the tread profile and reference point，also we can get the voltage which corresponds to the distance，then by the corresponding expressions，we can get the abrasion value of the tread irregularities，so we can realize the abrasion conditions of the wheel in time. The three main parts of the system are contacting displacement sensor, data collecting and processing system, computer and data communication system. The LVDT movement sensor of which the linearity and repeatition ability is strong to work in hard environment. Hence the sensors are installed horizontally and vertically to detect horizontal and vertical displacement value of the slab. The data is imported to the ADuC812, and the data