动词不定式的六大考点.doc

动词不定式的六大考点 动词不定式在历年高考中是考查的热点问题之一，在单选、完形、改错题中，我们都可以看到它的身影，历年高考题主考查它的句法功能、时态和语态、与过去分司及v-ing 用法 的对比、动词不定式中to的省略与保留、不定式符号to与介词to 在某些结构中的区别。此外，其他一些复杂结构中也设有考点。 一、动词不定式在句子中的句法功能 1. 作主语 动词不定式在句中作主语，如果动词不定式是一个较长的短语，一般用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句末。 1) In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match．(2001·上海) A. this B. that C. there D. it 析：不定式的复合结构for the police to keep．．．为真正主语，置于句末，句首缺少形式主语，只有it才有这一功能，故选D。 2. 作宾语 直接放在某些动词后作宾语。这类动词有agree , afford , ask , decide , expect , hope , learn , manage , need , plan , pretend , intend , refuse , want , wish 等。 2) In order to gain a bigger share in the international market , many state-run companies are striving their products more competitive .(2002·上海) A . to make B. making C. to have made D. having made 析：strive 总为“努力、奋斗、力求”，后接不定式作宾语，故选A。当然，“疑问词 + 不定式”也可作某些动词的宾语。 3) I’ve worked with children before , so I know what in my new job . (NMET2000) A. to expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects 析：“what + 不定式“作know 的宾语，故选B。 3. 作定语 动词不定式作定语常放在被修饰词的后面。如果动词不定式中的动词是不及物动词，还需要在其后加适用当的介词。 4) She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role in making the earth a better place to live．(2003·上海春) A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing 析：由于该句将play a role in中的宾语a role提前，所以要用不定式作后置定语，故选B。 4. 作表语 放在be动词或其他一些连系动词后。 5) Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains whether they will enjoy it．(NMET2002) A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen 析：remains为系动词，因其主语是it，故要用不定式的被动式作表语，选B。 5. 作状语 不定式在句中作状语可以表示目的、结果和原因等，作状语的动词不定式在一般情况下要和句子的主语一致。 6) In order to make our city green， .（2002·上海春） A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees 析：In order to make…在句中作目的状语，其逻辑主语应是人(we)，故选D。 6. 作宾语补足语 有些动词，如advise，ask，allow，beg，encourage，expect．find，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，r