X-Y数控工台及其控制系统设计.doc

摘 要 本文旨在设计一台简单、经济型的X-Y数控工作台。一般来说，X-Y数控工作台的机电系统设计都是通过开环控制系统实现的，所以其结构简单，实现方便而且能够保证一定的精度，降低了设计制造过程中的成本，因此可以说X-Y数控工作台是微机控制技术中最常见的应用。 本文设计的X-Y数控工作台充分地利用了可编程序控制技术来实现对机床的控制，在扩大了其加工范围的同时，精度和可靠性也得到了进一步的提高。该设计完全围绕数控机床工作原理而展开，充分体现了数控机床机械设备与电气设备部分的紧密结合。主要设计内容包括总体方案的设计；步进电机的选用；传动装置的设计；丝杠螺母副的设计；滚动导轨的选用和电气控制部分的设计。本设计的经济型数控工作台采用开环系统，机械传动部分采用步进电机通过同步带一级减速传动，减速器输出轴连接到滚珠丝杠上，丝杠上的丝杠螺母副带动工作台实现X-Y方向进给。 关键词：X-Y数控工作台，可编程序控制技术，机械传动部件，控制系统 Abstract This design is the design with a simple and economical CNC of x-y tables. X-y tables CNC machinery system design is an open-loop control system. Its simple structure, convenient and can ensure the precision of certain, reduced cost, is the most simple of microcomputer control technology of application. It fully utilize the PLC to realize the control of machine tools, expanding the scope of machining accuracy and reliability, and further improved. Design task is complete on nc machine tools and working principle of the design, fully embodies the CNC machinery and electrical equipment parts. X-Y tables include overall scheme design of CNC design, selection of stepping motor driving device, the design, the design of ball screw nut pair, the selection and design of electric controlling part. The design of the economical nc workbench precision request is not high, the open loop system. Mechanical transmission through adopting step-motor synchronous belt transmission, connect to slow level on the ball screw, thus the driver. Keywords: X-Y tables, PLC, transmission machinery parts and control system 目 录 TOC \o 1-2 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646599 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc262646599 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646600 Abstract PAGEREF _Toc262646600 \h II HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646601 1绪 论 PAGEREF _Toc262646601 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646602 1.1 X-Y数控工作台研究背景 PAGEREF _Toc262646602 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646603 1.2 X-Y数控工作台研究意义 PAGEREF _Toc262646603 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc262646604 1.3 X-Y数控工作台的现状与发展 PAGEREF _Toc262646604 \h 2 HYPERLINK \l _Toc2