办公楼安全疏散设计及消防系统可靠性分析.doc

摘要 高层建筑是现代社会经济、技术和文化的综合体。由于其楼层高、空间跨度大、功能复杂，且一旦发生火灾，扑救困难，损失巨大，后果惨重。因此，随着高层建筑的不断涌现，高层建筑的安全疏散及消防体系的安全可靠性近年来受到了越来越多的关注。 本文主要对包头宁鹿综合办公楼进行安全疏散设计及对该楼的消防系统进行可靠性分析。通过建筑物火灾现场勘察表明，造成火灾中人员伤害的重要原因之一是建筑物的疏散路线设计不合理，本文严格按照《高层民用建筑防火设计规范》中关于安全疏散的相关规定及根据建筑实际情况设计了包头宁鹿综合办公楼的安全出口、疏散楼梯及楼梯间等内容。该楼的消防系统主要包括：消火栓系统、自动喷水系统及火灾报警系统，本文主要使用可靠度的计算方法对该楼的消防系统进行可靠性分析。 关键词：安全疏散 消火栓系统 自动喷水系统 火灾自动报警系统 可靠性 Abstract High-rise building is a comprehensive economic, technological and cultural structure in the modern society. Because of its height, long-span space, and complicated structure, in a fire accident, the fire will be very difficult to put out and will cause great disaster as well as serious loss of property. For this safety reason and because tall buildings are springing up quickly in recent years, safety evacuation and fire control system have attracted more and more attention of the public. This paper will mainly deal with the analysis of the reliability of the design of safety evacuation and fire control system by the example of the Ninlu Comprehensive Office Building in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. Judging by the site survey on the cause of the fire accident there, one of the most important causes that led to its great disaster is the unreasonable design of the evacuating route in the building. To solve this kind of problem, strictly abiding by the regulations in the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings and taking the fact of this building into consideration, the author designs some new safety systems for such parts as the emergency exit, evacuating stair and stair well in this paper. The fire control system includes: hydrant system, automatic-water-sprinkling system and fire reporting system. The calculating method of reliability is used in the analysis of the reliability of the system. Key words: safety evacuation; hydrant system; automatic-water-sprinkling system; fire reporting system; reliability 目录 摘要 I Abstract II 第一章 绪论 1 1.1火灾概述 1 1.1.1火灾定义及分类 1 1.1.2火灾原因分析 1 1.1.3火灾的特征 2 1.1.4燃烧机理 3