翻译技巧与方法.ppt

翻译技巧与方法 Tran. Based on Lexis (词法翻译) Technique 1: Replacement of Equivalent对等替换法 ： 一般适用于单词、词组、成语、谚语等相对较小的语篇单位，换言之，适用的维度主要是词汇学层面。 1）词：TV→电视；small →小 2）词组或成语： 了如指掌： at one’s finger tips Turn a deaf ear to: 充耳不闻 3）谚语： There is no smoke without fire: 无风不起浪 皇天不负有心人： Everything comes to him who waits. 4）句子实例： 此回战士们不再忍气吞声，他们个个摩拳擦掌，准备再打一个漂亮仗。 →Instead of swallowing the insult, this time every soldier rolled up his sleeves for battle, ready to win another brilliant victory. Technique 2: Concretization 具体化译法： 一般是指将较为抽象的事物或流程具体化为可以被感知的具体形象或动作，从而产生切实形象的感觉，便于读者接受。 1）词、短语与成语之例 Very timid: 非常胆小→胆小如鼠 十分富有: have money to burn 2）句子之例 你人不错，但美中不足的就是有时反复无常，往往使事情棘手难办。 →You are a nice guy, yet with one defect in your character, that is, occasionally blowing hot and cold, thus making things hot potatoes to handle. Technique 3: Abstraction 抽象化译法： 把具体的直感形象或比喻形象抽象化，从而使译文更加通顺与忠实。 1）词、短语与成语之例 Eat one’s heart out： 极度悲痛 失业现象: unemployment 同情心理： sympathy 2）句子之例 He played the fox with me at first. However, to keep body and soul together, he had to fall back upon me once again and was practically on his knees for a new face on our relation. →起始他曾对我耍滑头，但后来为了维持生活，他又需要我的帮助，不得不来苦苦哀求以使我们的关系有所改观。 Don’t cross the bridge till you get to it. →不必担心太早。（不必自寻烦恼） Do you see any green in my eye? → 你以为我是好欺负的吗？ Technique 4: Addition 增译法： 增译法又称增词法，是指在原文的基础上增添适当的词语或词组是译文在语法、语言形式以及认知审美上合符译文习惯与文化背景，使译文在内容、形式与精神上都接近原文。 例： 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。 →Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang, the master mind. He came from New England. →他来自美国东北部的新英格兰地区。 要提倡顾全大局。 → We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration. 谁都知道朝鲜战场是艰苦些。 → Every one knows that life on the Korean battlefield was rather hard. Technique 5: Omission 减译法： 减译法又称省词法，是指处于译语语言与文化习惯视情况适当删减原文词语，以求译文的可接受性。例： 质子带正电、电子带负电，而中子既不带正电也不带负电。 →A proton has a positive charge and an electron a negative charge, but a neutron has neither. 生业好，死也好，我们要忠于党，忠于人民，忠于祖国。 →Live or die, we should be loyal to our Party, t