花键加工专用设备设计.doc

摘要 本文介绍了将X62W万能铣床改造为矩形花键轴专用铣床的方法。从理论上分析了该设计方案用做加工矩形花键时的定位精度，并在实践中得到证实。详细阐述了用一种步进电机代替万能分度头来实现等分分度，用液压系统实现自动进给加工的过程及其工艺方案。花键加工工艺采用该系统，可以使原来的花键加工过程变为现在的:进刀铣削、退刀、分度、再进刀的自动循环工艺过程，整个过程无需人工参与，直到一个工件加过完毕后，自动停机。进给工作台采用液压动力滑台，自动循环过程采用了PLC控制，使得机——电——液联动控制有机地相结合，操作简单方便，通用性强，分度速度快、精度高，大大降低了劳动强度、提高了生产效率，为在铣床上完成花键成型过程创造了一种自动化的条件。 关键词 等分分度；液压；花键轴；液压控制；PLC；自动化；工艺装备 Abstract The paper introduces the special methods of mill machine which can change X62W omnipotence milling machine to spline axis. It analyses theoretically the orientation precision when the design is used to process rectangle spline and is validated practically. It also sets forth carefully they whole course and its craftwork in which an electro motion knife rest replace omnipotence division end to realize part division. Hy the adoption of the system the spline craftwork can turn its molding course to automation cycle course including entry sword milling, quitting sword, part division, reentry sword. And in the process no manual power is involved till a workpiece is done with and the machine stopped automatically. The desk adopts hydraulic pressure drive slipway; the self-motion cycle course uses PLC control, which combine the engine-electricity-liquid linkage to make operation easier and more convenient, wider and mort popular, division speed and precision higher, reduce labor intension and provide a condition to improve the efficiency, to create a condition of automation to finish the spline molding by the milling machine. Keywords Part division Electro motion Spline axis Hydraulic pressure control PLC automation Craftwork equipment 目 录 1 绪论 1 1.1工程背景和意义 1 1.2 花键加工工艺的发展现状和趋势 1 1.3 设计本课题的内容和方法 2 1.3.1设计内容 2 1.3.2设计方法 3 1.4 本章小结 3 2 花键加工工艺装备的方案设计 4 2.1 引言 4 2.2 分度装置方案设计 4 2.2.1分度装置原理分析 4 2.2.3分度装置方案之二:液压油缸分度装置分析 7 2.2.4 分度装置方案之三：蜗轮-蜗杆分度装置分析 8 2.2.5 分度装置方案之四：电动刀架用作分度机构的原理分析 8 2.2.6 分度方案的选用 10 2.3机械传动系统方案设计 10 2.3.1 传动系统的要求分析 10 2.3.2 丝杠螺母机构的传动分析 11 2.3.3 滚珠丝杠传动分析 11 2.3.4液压动力滑台的方案设计 12 2.3.5 确定进给传动方