语法分析在英语翻译中的应用djc.ppt

Grammar maybe helpful in translating Made by Jinchao Dou 第一部分（举例）:the sentence in page 20. Sentence :The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. 句子中的每一个单词我们都认识，但在第一次读完句子时，也许我们会有一点茫然的感觉。 原因：句子中的各种修饰成分的存在使句子变得复杂了。 解决方法：当句子成分比较复杂时，通过语法分析，理清句子。 step 1:find the main sentence (找主句) sentence:The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. 主句：The statement is confirmed. 第一个：that 从句即“that oil originated in the sea--很明显这就是“statement”所指的内容，所以that 从句是同位语从句 step 2:从句子起始处开始分析句子中的各种枝叶成分 第二个：by 引导的从句，即：by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world; sentence:The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. 同位语从句 其中：“showing the chief oilfilds of the world”是对map的修饰，因为与map 存在主谓关系，所以是现在分词作定语  “by a glance at a map ”是by 引导的方式状语从句（见上面） sentence:The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. 现在分词作定语 方式状语从句 step 3:综合以上所分析内容可得 最后一部分：very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today.（其中them 代指的是世界主要油田）这一从个句是对the chief oilfilds of the world的说明 Sentence :The statement （that oil originated in the sea ）is confirmed 【by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfilds of the world】; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. 同位语从句 主句 现在分词作定语 by引导的方式状语从句 对the chief oilfilds of the world的进一步说明 所以原句翻译为：石油产生于海洋的这种说法，只要瞥一眼世界主要油田分布图就可以得到证实，并且世界主要油田中很少有远离现代海洋的。. 同位语从句部分 主句部分 方式状语从句及现在分词作定语部分 是对the chief oilfild 的进一步说明 说明：此处by引导的方式状语从句对应翻译的提前是为了符合汉语语序。 第二部分：总结 1、句子成分：主语，谓语，宾语，定语，状语，补语，表语，宾语补足语和同位语 2、 各种从句（即复合句）：名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句， 3、其它：There