跨文化管理Chapter1.ppt

Greater international investment by global companies means greater transfer of financial, technological, and managerial resources around the world. In turn, the latter leads to the growth of developing economies, which opens up potential markets and locations for operations for global companies. As they are no longer tied to specific locations and can locate their activities in the most suitable areas, the companies have opportunities for flexibility and efficiency. SMEs (which are companies with fewer than 500 employees) also benefit. In particular, technological developments (e.g., the Internet) make international trade and activities easier for smaller companies. * ? 2010 Pearson Prentice Hall Examples of (a) the backlash against capitalism/rekindling of nationalism and (b) increased protectionism of high-demand resources: US hostility toward an attempted takeover of the British PO by Dubai Ports in 2006 Nationalization of energy resources in Venezuela Examples of the need to develop top managers with international understanding and experience: Coca-Cola has 80% of its sales outside of its home market 65% of Procter and Gamble’s sales are outside of its home market Avon hired 114,000 sales associates in China in 2006 * ? 2010 Pearson Prentice Hall The three regional free-trade blocs are known as “The Triad,” and they are grouped around three main currencies: the Euro, the Yen, and the Dollar. * ? 2010 Pearson Prentice Hall The EU internal market is characterized by free movement of goods and people among EU countries and the elimination of internal tariffs and customs, financial and commercial barriers. The EU gives preference to insiders, creating challenges for firms outside of the EU who wish to do business there. Despite the unification associated with the EU, Europeans still identify with their national cultures, and businesses operating across the EU must take national culture into consideration. * ? 2010 Pearson Prentice Hall Japan and the Four