压缩性脊椎骨折各节段形态学变化特点的探讨.PDF

中国骨伤 200 1 年 2 月第 14 卷第 2 期 　China J Ort hop Trauma ,February 200 1 ,Vol . 14 ,No . 2 ·7 1 · 压缩性脊椎骨折各节段形态学变化 特点的探讨 殷渠东 　郑祖根 　董启榕 (苏州医学院附属第二医院 ,江苏 　苏州 2 15004) 【摘要】　目的　探讨压缩性脊椎骨折各节段形态学变化特点 。方法 　对 4 12 例共 448 处楔形和爆 裂骨折各节段形态学变化进行分析 , 比较楔形骨折和爆裂骨折各节段的发生概率 ,计算各节段楔形骨折 椎体前缘压缩率 、爆裂骨折椎体前后缘压缩比。结果 　中下部胸椎发生楔形骨折概率较高 ,即使发生爆 裂骨折 ,其椎体前后缘压缩比常较大 。腰椎 ,尤其下腰椎 ,发生爆裂骨折的概率较高 , 即使发生楔形骨 折 ,其椎体前缘压缩率相对胸椎而言常较小 。结论 　脊椎骨折类型或形态学变化除与暴力 、受伤瞬间体 位相关外 ,与骨折发生部位也存在一定关系 。 【关键词】　脊柱骨折 　概率 　生物力学 Morphologic Characteristics of Compression Fractures in Different Spinal Segments YIN Q udong , ZH EN G ( ) Zugen , D ON G Qirong . S uz hou M edical College Af f iliated S econ d Hosp ital J iangs u S uz hou , 2 15004 【Abstract 】　Objective 　To investigate t he morp hological charcteristics of compressive fractures in differ ent spinal segment s. Methods 　4 12 cases of p atient s wit h 448 wedge and burst t horacic and lumbar fractures were analysed for comp arison of t he incidence of wedge and burst fractures in different segment s ,and to calcu late compression rate of anterior height of verterbral body to posterior height for burst fracture in every seg ment . Results 　The incidence of wedge fractures in t he middle and lower t horacic spine was comp aratively high while during t he occurrence of burst fractures in t he t horacic segment s t he ratio between t he compression ratio of t he anterior and posterior height is comp aratively high . In t he lumbar spine ,esp ecially in t he lower lumbar ,t he incidence of burst fractures was higher t han ot her segment s. The compression ratio for burst frac ture in t he middle and lower t horacic spine was bigger while t he compression rate for wedge fracture in t he lumbar spine ,esp ecially in t he lower lumbar in comp arison wit h t he t horacic