第五章 临床输血学实验.ppt

Part oneRed blood cell group 目的要求： 掌握ABO血型的鉴定 熟悉Rh血型的鉴定  ABO SYSTEMPrinciple of procedure 红细胞上具有A抗原者为A型- Red blood cells possess A blood group antigens 有B抗原者为B型- Red blood cells possess B blood group antigens A和B抗原都没有者为O型- Red blood cells lack A and B blood group antigens A和B抗原都有者为AB型- Red blood cells possess A and B blood group antigens Rh SYSTEM The most complex in the red cells antigen Individuals who possess the D antigen are Rh positive, who lack it are Rh negative. The D antigen is capable of stimulating production of Anti-D in persons lacking the D antigen. Anti-D is a clinically significant antibody capable of causing RBC destruction and may result in hemolytic disease of the newborn and transfusion reaction. Materials Required Centrifuge 0.9% saline pipetter reagents: The monoclonal antibody(IgM) include Anti-A 、 Anti-B 、 Anti-D 5% Standard RBC-Affirmagen Methods Solid phase adherence test Tube test Gel test Manual Semi-automated system Automated system PROCEDURE Specimen collection and preparation Red blood cell suspensions(4%RBC) can be prepared using the following combinations of saline and packed red blood cells: Saline Volume---2ml Packed RBC Volume---100ul 被检者RBC用生理盐水配成2-5%悬液待用 (2ml 0.9% NS +100ul 压积红细胞） TEST PROCEDURE---tube test 正定型： 取小试管三只，分别用记号笔标记后加抗A、抗B、抗D血清各一滴，然后加受检者RBC悬液一滴。 blood grouping Add one drop of Anti-A、Anti-B、Anti-D to three tubes separately Add one drop of a 2-5% RBC suspension to three tubes separately TEST PROCEDURE 反定型： 取小试管三只，分别用记号笔标记后加受检者血清一滴，然后加标准A、B及O型RBC各一滴。 reverse grouping Add one drop of serum/plasma to three tubes separately Add one drop of 5% standard RBC to three tubes separately Grouping anomalies Cold auto-antibodies Acquired B Unexpected mixed field reactions Partial or weak D D negative Intrauterine transfusions RhD negative verification Reagents: three different Anti-D human (IgG) monoclonal antibody Method Indirect antiglobulin test (I