明喻暗喻拟人.pptVIP

另外，值得注意的是英语中有许多成语含有明喻，其结构为as + 形容词+ as +名词（第一个as可省略）。例如： (as) blind as a bat?????????? 目光如豆 (as) cool as cucumber??????? 泰然自若 (as) cold as a marble???????? 冷若冰霜 (as) busy as a bee??????????? 像蜜蜂一样忙 (as) firm as a rock??????????? 坚如磐石 (as) light as a feather????????? 轻如鸿毛 (as) mute as an oyster????????? 噤若寒蝉 (as) strong as horse?????????? 健壮如牛 用些含明喻的成语用like构成。例如： like a duck to water????????? 如鱼得水 like a hen on a hot griddle???? 像热锅上的蚂蚁 like a mouse in a hole??????????? 瓮中之鳖 以上是明喻最典型的体现格式：A is like B. 和A is as…as B. 英语中的明喻可以多种格式体现，其他的格式或句型还有： 1、虚拟句型?? 最常见的是用as if或as though作比喻词，另外还有其他一些形式。例如： My handwriting looks as if a swarm of ants, escaping from an ink bottle, had walked over a sheet of paper without wiping their legs. ????????????????????????????? (Sydney Smith ) 我的笔迹，看来就像一大群蚂蚁从墨水里逃出来，没有把脚抹干净就在纸上四散奔跑过似的。笔迹像蚂蚁爬的痕迹，比喻得恰如其分。 …and the fattest woman I have ever seen in my life dozing in a straight-backed chair. It was as if a sack of grain was supported by a matchbox. ……还有一位我生平所未曾见过最胖的女人坐在一把直背椅子上打瞌睡，那简直就像一口袋粮食放在一个火柴盒上一样。 “一口袋粮食放在一个火柴盒上”比喻（含夸张）得多么生动。 She looked both young and aging, as if she had just emerged from an illness of some crisis. ??? (Isacca Bashevis Singer: The Briefcase) 她看上去既老又年轻，好像是新病初愈或是刚遭了一场灾难的样子。 He was a beautiful horse that looked as though he had come out of a painting by Velasquez. (Ernest Hemingway: For Whom the Bell Tolls) 那匹马很漂亮，像是维拉斯凯兹油画上的马变活了。 2、what型??? 常见的句式有两种：A is to B what C is to D和 What C is to D, A is to B。例如： Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford was to cars. 卡洛斯·雷德与可卡因的贩运的关系，正如亨利·福特与汽车的关系。 卡洛斯·雷德是著名的哥伦比亚毒枭（Colombian drug lord），亨利·福特是美国汽车大王，本句通过喻体（福特）说明本体（雷德）。此明喻起说明的作用。 Judicious praise is to children what the sun is to flowers. ???????????????????????????????????????? (Bovee) 明智的表扬对于孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用。 The pen is to a writer what the gun is to a fighter. 作家的笔犹如战士的枪。 Intellect is to the mind what sight is to the body. 智力对思想犹如视力对于身体一样重要。 在这个明喻句式中，系动词可以改用实义动词do，介词to改为 for，而成为 A does for B wha