四级翻译课件Week8概要.ppt

Review: 中国的老百姓一直都很喜欢京剧。京剧主要有四大行当(character type)，分别是生、旦、净、丑。“生”是男性角色，进一步分为老生、小生和武生(martial Sheng)。“旦”指各种女性角色。“净”角则是在性格、品质或相貌上有特异之处的男性人物。“丑”是一个机敏或滑稽的角色。 Beijing Opera has long been enjoyed by the common Chinese People. There are mainly four character types: Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou. Sheng is a male character, which is further divided into the elderly Sheng, the young Sheng and the martial Sheng. Dan refers to various female roles. Jing is a male character who has special personality, quality or appearance. Chou is a smart or funny character. Chapter 4 Education Since ancient times, the traditions of teaching and education in China have been held in the highest esteem. Before 1905, there were two kinds of schools in China: private schools, run by scholars teaching students at home, and official institutions, which were open to children of nobles. 自古以来，中国的教育传统受到极大的推崇。1905年以前，中国有两种学校：由学者在家教授学生的私塾和对贵族子弟开放的官学。 The imperial civil examination system, or keju in Chinese, dominated education in China’s feudal society. It became the method through which talented people were recognized and selected as government officials. The practice began in the Sui Dynasty and lasted about 1,300 years until the end of the Qing Dynasty. 科举考试制度主导着中国封建社会的教育，它为政府选拔官员。科举始于隋朝，直到清朝末年，持续了1,300多年。 Since 1949, when the People’s Republic of China was founded, education has been placed high on its agenda. The government has been emphasizing the policy of protecting the educational rights of its population, especially of ethnic minority groups, children, women, and the disabled. Through continual efforts over the past decades, China has made significant progress in its education. 自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来，教育被广泛关注。政府加大了保护人民受教育权利的力度，特别是少数民族、儿童、妇女和残疾人。经过过去几十年不懈的努力，中国在教育上取得了卓越的进步。 Since 1978, when China inaugurated the reform and opening-up policy, international communication and cooperation in education has mo