《英语语法》过去分词.ppt

What led to Ray Kroc’s success? It was his _______________that led to his success. Supporting sentence: Surprised by this, Kroc decided to go and visit it. Past participle phrases used as adverbials Surprised by this, Kroc decided to go and visit it. When opened for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers. Impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, Kroc looked at the name over the hamburger stand. Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s was still a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald. Adverbial of reason Surprised by this, Kroc decided to go and visit it. =Because he was surprised by this, Kroc decided to go and visit it. Past participle phrases can be used as adverbials of time When opened for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers. When it was opened for business, the hamburger stand was immediately filled with customers. Heated, water turns into steam. When it is heated, water turns into steam. When heated, water turns into steam. A past participle phrase can also be used as an adverbial of concession Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s was still a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald. =Although it was started six years earlier, McDonald’s was --- Though he was defeated, he remained a popular leader. =Though defeated, he remained a popular leader. Defeated, he remained a popular leader. Past participle phrases are used as adverbials of condition Given more time, the new sales manager could have done better. = ___ he had been given more time, the new sales manager could have done better. Past participle phrases can also be used as adverbials of attending circumstances The old man sat, surrounded by his children. =The old man sat and he was surrounded by his children. Past participle phrases used as adverbials When (he was) asked what he thought of his employees, the new manager made no comments. If (I am) invite