【英语语法课件】之——10.英文时态(四)：完成进行时.ppt

第 13 讲英文时态（四）：完成进行时 完成进行动作：1、现在完成进行（have∕has been doing） 2、过去完成进行（had been doing） 3、将来完成进行（will have been doing）形式：have been doing意义：具有完成和进行两方面的特点；表示一个动作在现在、过去或者将来的某一活动或时间之前的一段时间里一直在进行，强调动作的持续性。 1. 现在完成进行时：在现在之前的一段时间里一直在持续的动作。It has been raining all day. It is still raining right now.2. 过去完成进行时：在过去的某一活动或时间之前的一段时间里一直在持续的动作。 I had been waiting for her for two hours when she finally turned up.3. 将来完成进行时：在将来的某一活动或时间之前的一段时间里一直在持续的动作。这个动作开始的时间可能是过去。Professor Smith will have been teaching for 50 years when he retires next month. 一、 现在完成进行 1. 用法（一）：到现在仍然在延续的动作 ⑴与一段时间连用 强调动作的持续性，表示开始于过去的动作持续到现在，并且活动还没有结束，还将继续持续下去（注意：现在完成时则表示“动作可能只延续到说话时为止”）。此时的完成进行时常与for＋时间段、since＋时间点、all morning、all day、all week这样的表示一段时间的时间状语连用，以强调在这一期间，某项活动正在持续。例： ①It began raining two hours ago and it’s still raining. It has been raining for two hours.②It began raining at 8 o’clock. Now it’s still raining. It has been raining since 8 o’clock. It has been raining all day.③It has been snowing all day. I wonder when it will stop.④These pop fans have been waiting for the famous singer for nearly three hours in the cold,but he still hasn’t shown up. ⑵可以不与一段时间连用 现在完成进行时还可以不带具体的表示一段时间的时间状语。此时它一般表示最近一段时期内正在持续的一般性活动。例：①I have been thinking about changing my job. ②I have been thinking about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice. ③All the students have been studying hard, for final exams will start next week. ⑶与现在完成时比较（一） A. 相同点：a. 谓语动作都是表示延续性的。如：live, learn, study, sleep, snow, wait, work, teach, stay等等。b. 都与“一段时间”连用。这时，用两种时态几乎没有多大区别。例如：①I have been learning∕have learned English for ten years. ②I have been living／have lived here since 3 years ago. ③He has been sleeping／has slept for three hours.④I have been working／have worked in this company for 3 years.⑤It has been snowing／has snowed for a long time. B. 不同点： 即使此时两种时态所表达的意思相同，但现在完成时只有与for three years、since three years ago等这样的表示一段时间的时间状语连用才能表示这类动作。没有这样的时间状语，用现在完成时