【走向高考】2015届高三英语二轮专题复习课件 专题3 阅读理解 第3讲推理判断题.ppt

1.设题角度 (1)推断隐含含义；(2)推断作者的观点、态度、写作目的和意图；(3)推断文章的出处；(4)推断文章中人物的性格态度等。 2．设问方式 (1)We can infer/learn from the (last)paragraph that ________. (2)It can be concluded from the passage that ________. (3)The passage implies /suggests that________. (4)The authors purpose of writing the passage is ________. (5)From the passage we can draw the conclusion that ________. (6)The author believes that ________. (7)It is most likely to be inferred from the passage that ________. (8)Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage? (9)The author most probably implies in this section that ________. 3．解题思路 (1)抓关键信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理。从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。 (2)整合全文(段)信息，综合推断。做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起来去推理判断，确定最佳选项。 (3)用语境褒贬性，看写作意图。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定褒贬性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好这一点，就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。 (4)寻字里行间，定情感脉络。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。 (5)据上下文逻辑，实事求是判断。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。 4．解题技巧 推测写作意图有妙招 不同的文章有不同的写作意图，归纳起来通常有以下三种： 1.to entertain readers(娱乐读者，让人发笑)，常见于故事类的文章。 2.to persuade readers，to sell a product or a service，to attract more visitors/readers/audience(说服读者接受某种观点，购买某种产品或服务，吸引游客、读者或观众)，多见于广告类的文章。 3．to inform readers(告知读者某些信息)，多见于科普知识类、新闻报道类或社会文化类的文章。 作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实或情形，客观地使读者信服某种想法或意见。所以考生在理解文章主旨大意的前提下，不但要理解文章的内容，同时还要学会对作者阐述问题的写作方法进行归纳、总结和分析。 【例】　Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews. Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity. That book, The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measure