三权分立PPT展示.ppt

美国的三权分立制 Separation of powers in the United States (国会) Congress (最高法院) the supreme court (政府)government 三权分立关系图 Congress Have legislative power, to enact laws Directly elected by voters and only responsible for the voters. no administrative intervention The president is not to go to the congress, cant decide whether members of the salary the Supreme Court 1.The judicial power, the law. the supreme court of final adjudication and the constitutional review 2. Federal court judge by the president asked the senate and appointed 3. The judge if the path of duty, life tenure and shall not be removed from office of the congress decided to impeach Government Exercises control and implement the law, the organization of the government. Indirectly elected by voters and be responsible directly to voters. no responsible to parliament Congress shall decrease the president, may recall the president 机构 有何权力 产生、对谁负责 特别保障 国会 总统 联邦法院 掌握立法权，制定法律。 由选民直接选举产生，只对选民负责。 不受行政机关的干预。 总统无权解散国会，不能决定议员的工资待遇。 掌握行政权，实施法律，组织政府。 由选民间接选举产生，直接对选民负责。不对国会负责。 国会不得增减总统报酬，不得罢免总统(除非定罪)。 掌握司法权，审查法律。 最高法院有终审权和违宪审查权。 联邦法院法官均由总统征得参议院同意后任命。 法官只要忠于职守，可终身任职，非经国会弹劾不得免职。 问题：三权如何“分立”？ Why do the USA choose the Separation of powers? (美国选择三权分立制度的缘由?) (1).Factors influencing ： historical conditions and specific national conditions （1）影响因素：历史条件和具体国情 (2).The deciding factor ： countries of the class nature （2）决定因素：国家的阶级本质 Advantages VS Disadvantages Three rights division had its positive effects, against feudal autocratic, democracy and safeguard the interests of the bourgeoisie 1.Any of the division of powers and balances was in the distribution of power 2. Three organs of state power are nonsense, and lead to inefficiencies Question? BYE BYE!