上海外国语大学 英语翻译 分句法与合句法.ppt

分句法和合句法;Having just left school or technical institute, where they had their place and a task to fulfill and where they were known and esteemed(尊重) by their colleagues, those young people who do not land that first job they were so eagerly looking forward to have to face up for the first time to unemployment, a situation for which neither family nor school has prepared them. ;由于英语中的短语多，从句多，在句法结构上可以层层修饰，句中套句，再加上插入语、补充成分、同位语或独立成分等结构，可以构成复杂的长句。翻译时，必须首先分析各部分之间的语法关系与逻辑关系，弄清整句句子的中心内容与各层意思，然后根据汉语的特点、习惯和表达方式，正确译出原文的意思。英语长句的翻译主要采取顺译法、变序法与分句法。;Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. For a family of four, for example, it is more convenient as well as cheaper to sit comfortably at home, with almost unlimited entertainment available, than to go out in search of amusement elsewhere. Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture. It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice. solutions of the problem of old age have to be considered against a historical background of slow but substantial changes in Chinese family structure caused by rising living standards and family planning.;行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 譬如, 对于一个四口之家来说, 舒舒服服地在家中看电视, 就能看到几乎数不清的娱乐节目, 这比到外面别的地方去消遣又便宜又方便 在20世纪以前, 小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点, 因而无法成为具有个性的人; 他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种种束缚。 因此, 如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会, 就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息, 作更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。 由于人民生活水平的不断提高以及计划生育，中国的家庭结构发生着缓慢而具有实质性的变化，因此必须根据这一背景来考虑如何解决老龄化问题。;Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the lat