上肢-留学生.ppt

Outline Introduction Axilla Superficial veins of the upper limb Cephalic vein 头静脉 Arises from the lateral side of the dorsal venous rete on the back of hand Winds around the lateral border of the forearm; it then ascends into the cubital fossa and up the front of the arm on the lateral side of the biceps. It continues up in the deltopectoral groove and then to the infraclavicular fossa, where it pierces clavipectoral fascia to drain into axillary vein. Superficial veins of the upper limb Basilic vein 贵要静脉 Arises from the medial side of the dorsal venous rete of hand Winds around the medial border of the forearm Then ascends into the cubital fossa and up the front of the arm on the medial side of the biceps to middle of the arm where it pierces the deep fascia and joins the brachial vein or axillary vein Superficial veins of the upper limb Median cubital vein 肘正中静脉 Links cephalic vein and basilic vein in the cubital fossa It is a frequent site for venipuncture to remove a sample of blood or add fluid to the blood Muscles connecting the scapula to the humerus Deltoid Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres minor Teres major Subscapularis Myotendionous cuff (rotator cuff) 肌腱袖 The name given to the tendons of the subscapularis, the supraspinatus, the infraspinatus, and the teres minor muscles, which are fused to the underlying capsule of the shoulder joint. The cuff is important in stabilizing the shoulder joint. Surface anatomy of upper limb Shoulder region: Acromion Spine of scapula Coracoid process Greater tubercle Anterior and posterior axillary folds Arm Medial and lateral biceps brachii furrow Deltoid tuberosity Elbow Medial and lateral epicondyles Head of radius Olecranon Tendon of biceps brachii Wrist and hand Styloid process Head of ulna Dorsal tubercle Proximal wrist crease Middle wrist crease Distal wrist crease Tendon of palmaris Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris Tendon of carpi ulnaris Radial longitudinal crease Proximal palmar crease Distal palmar crea