专八翻译授课课件.ppt

英语专业八级翻译技巧 【9】表示方式或状态的部分，一般应从属于表示行为或动作的部分。 例句：全国人民紧密团结在党中央周围，朝气蓬勃，奋勇前进。 Rallying closely round the Party Central Committee, the whole people of our country are advancing with vigor and valor. 英语专业八级翻译技巧 10. 汉语句子太长，采取断句，更能清晰地表达原意，又符合英语表述习惯。 例句：接着，他继续设想，鸡又生鸡，用鸡卖钱，钱买母牛，母牛繁殖，买牛得钱，用钱放债，这么一连串的发财计划，当然也不能算是生产的计划。 He went on indulging in wishful thinking. Chickens would breed more chickens. Selling. With this he could buy cows. The cows would breed too and selling oxen would make more money for him. With the money, he could become a money lender. Such a succession of steps for getting rich , of course, had nothing at all to do with production. Scarcely have you begun to tell tem where you come from when a cup of hot and strong tea is handed over to you. 忆昔当年，日寇强敌入境，山河破碎，风雨飘摇。日寇军阀穷凶极恶，遣无数本国精壮，到海外屠杀无辜，…… During the war, the atrocious Japanese militarists sent Japanese armies to China to slaughter the innocent people, bringing the country to the point of disintegration.  英汉句子结构的差异 英语句子的特点：句子中的每一个成分，均有修饰语，而且修饰语可以不止一个，每个修饰语都可以很长。一个修饰语还可以被另一个修饰语修饰，因此，句子句子结构复杂，犹如“参天大树”，枝叶横生，被称为“树状形结构”。 汉语中修饰语少而短，句子由一个一个的分句组成，逐步展开，犹如“万顷碧波，层层推进”，被称为“波浪形结构”。语法家称之为“流水句”。这是英汉句子结构最根本的一个差异。英汉互译成功的关键就是改换句型。 In order to translate meaning, form must be changed. 英译汉时，把英语句子的“树状结构”改成汉语句子的“波浪形结构”。反之亦然。 在英译汉时，要把英语中的修饰结构，实际上也就是“从属结构”转换成“主谓结构”。 A beautifully situated park on the lake’s shore provides a perfect spot to savor an ice cream while watching the boats darting about on the bay or the exciting arrival of the famous Mount Washington as she docks nearby. A beautifully situated park on the lake是句子主语。短语中主语是park， A beautifully situated 和on the lake’s shore均修饰park。是典型的从属结构。译成汉语主谓结构：公园座落在湖边，风光秀丽。 provides a perfect spot to savor an ice cream句中， to savor an ice cream是不定式短语修饰spot，这个英语从属结构，在汉语中也译成主谓结构：“在那里，你可以一边品尝冰淇淋，…… while watching the boats darting about on the bay句中， darting about on the bay是现在分词短语作为宾语补语，修饰boats。译成以一个分句：一边观赏湖湾里的游艇飞也似地穿梭往来。  of the famous Mount Washington as she docks