选修10Unit2Peopleonthemove.ppt

14. —That was a　　　　question. How did you get it right? —I just tried my luck. A. tight B. tough C. rough D. direct 【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意: ——那是个很难的问题。你怎样做对的? ——我很幸运做对了。tough“困难的”; 符合句意。tight“紧的, 严厉的”; rough“粗糙的”; direct“直接的”。 竞选演讲稿 【文体分析】 1. 概念: 竞选演讲稿属于演讲稿这一实用文体; 其目的是说服选民, 从而竞选成功。 2. 内容安排: 竞选演讲稿有四部分: 一、明确说明自己要竞选的岗位; 二、说明竞选该岗位的理由; 三、介绍竞选成功后自己下一步的打算; 四、呼吁选民投自己一票。 3. 语言特征: (1)多用实词, 多用短句, 少用结构复杂的长句; (2)演讲要注意使用各种修辞手法, 增加演讲的感染力和气势。 1. 主题句(topic sentence) 主题句是表达段落主题的句子。它用以概括段落大意, 要求全段其他文字都围绕它展开。 主题句通常放在段落的开头, 开门见山, 使文章的结构更清晰, 更具说服力, 便于读者迅速地把握主题和想象全段的内容。主题句可以放在段中起到承上启下的作用, 或放在段尾起概括全段的作用。 例如: Our life today depends very much on energy. In towns and in villages, on farms and in factories, machines have made life easier than it used to be. The machines use energy, and energy is needed for heating, lighting, communications, carrying goods—everything. Factories and industrial plants use a great deal of energy to make the things that we use and buy and sell. Topic sentence: Our life today depends very much on energy. 这段文字的第一句就概括性地提出“我们目前的生活很大程度上依赖于能源”。而随后句子都是具体事例, 对第一句进行说明和论述。因此, 我们可以断定第一句为该段的主题句。 例如: Californians and New Englanders are both American. They speak the same language and abide(容忍)by the same federal laws. But they are very different in their ways of life. Mobility—both physical and psychological—has made a great impression on the culture of Californians; lack of mobility is the mark of the customs and morality of New Englanders. Topic sentence: But they are very different in their ways of life. 本段的主题句放在段中, 起到承上启下的作用。 2. 扩展句(Supporting sentences) 扩展句是用来支持或说明主题句的, 是段落主题句的延伸和扩展, 起着辅助主题句、扩展段落中心的作用, 对主题句表达的中心思想或举例说明, 或细致描写, 或详细解释阐述和论证, 使读者能够清晰地理解和信服地接受作者所表达的意思。 扩展句一般要具备这样的特点: (1)清晰、详实, 有较强的说服力, 能清楚地表达思想; (2)条理分明, 脉络清晰。上一句要为下一句铺平道路, 下一句是上一句的自然延伸, 一步一步地论述或叙述主题。 例如: (主题句)There are several factors affecting climate. (扩展句1)One factor is the amount of sunlight it receive