医学英语第三讲..ppt

第二讲 医学论文摘要的分类与要求 论文摘要的作用 Function The function of the abstract of a scientific paper is to provide an overview of the paper so that the readers know the main story and a few essential details of your work without reading the whole text of the paper. The abstract should make sense both when read alone and when read with the paper – URMSMJ 摘要分类Abstract Classification 通报性或指示性摘要（indicative abstract） 通报论文主题，不介绍研究的材料、方法和结果，一般用现在时表述。 如： Free transfer of two undamaged fingers from a non-replantable left arm to a mutilated（断肢的） right hand in a 16-month-old boy is reported. 报道性或资料性摘要（informative abstract） 告诉读者研究的总体情况，使他们了解研究的 背景（background） 目的（purpose） 材料（materials） 方法（methods） 结果（results） 结论（conclusion），以及 存在的问题（problems） 资料性摘要分类Classification of Informative Abstracts 非结构式（non-structured）或 传统型 结构式 （structured） 全结构式（full-structured） 半结构式（semi-structured） 非结构式摘要 Non-structured Abstracts p. 105 Parenteral ntnutrition-induced gallbladder disease: A reason for early cholecystectomy Patients who receive long-term parenteral （不经胃肠的）nutrition have an increased incidence of both calculous and acalculous cholecystitis. 【研究背景】In an attempt to establish guidelines for clinical management of patients with TPN-induced gallbladder disease, we reviewed the records of 35 patients who underwent cholecytectomy for this problem from 2000 to 2002 at the UCLA Medical Center.【目的】 The mean age of the 23 adults and 12 children who had cholecystectomy was 29.1 years. Forty percent of these patients required emergency cholecystecotmy. 【材料和方法 】 The overall operative morbidity was 54 percent, and the hospital mortality was 11 percent. Significant factors contributing to this high rate of complications included a delay in diagnosis, especially in the young children, and increased operative difficulty due to extensive adhesions and intraoperative hemorrhage. 【结果】 Our analysis suggests that patients receiving long-term TPN shoul