医学英语第四讲(词汇辨析及用法good).ppt

15.decrease, dwindle ,diminish ,drop, decline, lower, fall, reduce and abate decrease:减少[小, 退], 缩短[小], 变小 His temperature decreases. dwindle 经常指“减少到无或消耗到完为止”, My savings have dwindled. 我的积蓄减少了。 diminish 指“形状缩小, 数量减少”, 特指“看得出来的缩小或减少” diminish the revenue by reducing tax 用减税而使国家的收入减少。 drop使落下, 放低(声音); 降低(速度等) drop ones voice suddenly decline:跌落, 减低; They wish that prices would decline. The price of 14 inches TV set declined from 400 to 320 yuan each. Lower:降低, 跌落, 减弱 lower the rent of a house lower ones voice fall:(温度、价格等)下降; 跌落; (风力、声音等)减弱 The temperature is falling. reduce 指“人为地减少、降低”, reduce speed Abate:使(数量、程度等)减少, 减轻, 除去, 缓和 We must abate the noise pollution in our city. 16. differences 当我们讲某两种事物在某方面有无差别总是用 between引出比较的对象, 用 in引出比较的方面： In this study, no significant differences were found between black and white patients in the incidence of ulcerative colitis. 表达”有差异/ 区别“ : show difference There were differences The age distributions and mean ages showed no difference between male and female cases. The content of both PGF1a and vWF in the supernatant of primary and subcultured passages didn’t have significant difference. The content of both PGF1a and vWF in the supernatant showed no significant difference between primary and subcultured passages. There were no significant differences between the primary and subcultures passages in the content of both PGF1a and vWF in the supernatant . 17.Negative ,positive 表达”病人某项检查结果是阴性或阳性的”: patient ’A was positive /negative patient(specimen) was positive /negative for A. Five of the 61 synovial fluid specimens were positive for Neisseria gonorrhoeae DNA. He said he had been told that the dead birds had been tested negative for H5N1.However, the samples of the dead crows sent to the pakistan government poultry research institute laboratory were found positive for the Newcastle disease virus, he added. 18. By and with 用于表达做某事的方法和技术时可以互换，　 By :一般接表概念的抽象名词 PCR products were detected by gel electrophores