历年考研英语真题阅读出处.doc

一2013年知识运用试题来源 这次知识运用试题选材来自考研英语必考杂志《经济学人》，原文标题是：A Question of Judgment；原文链接：/node选项里的大多数单词都能认识，但不一定能选对，这属于考研英语出题的一大特色—熟词生义。文章难度适中，选项看似容易，但选择起来总感觉模糊不清，很难做判断。命题专家在出题的时候也进行了一定程度的改写和删除。 A NEVER-ENDING flow of information is the lot of most professionals. Whether it comes in the form of lawyers cases, doctors patients or even journalists stories, this information naturally gets broken up into pieces that can be tackled one at a time during the course of a given day. In theory, a decision made when handling one of these pieces should not have much, if any, impact on similar but unrelated subsequent decisions. Yet Uri Simonsohn of the University of Pennsylvania and Francesca Gino at Harvard report in Psychological Science that this is not how things work out in practice. Dr Simonsohn and Dr Gino knew from studies done in other laboratories that people are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that 1. grants the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by 2. external factors. （But in a world of quotas and limits—in other words, the world in which most professional people operate—the two researchers suspected that it was actually a weakness.在考试中命题老师删掉了） They speculated that an inability to consider the big 3. picture was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. 4. For example, they theorized that a judge 5. fearful of appearing too soft 7. on crime might be more likely to send someone to prison 8. if he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to probation on that day. To 8. test this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. (Admissions officers interview hundreds of applicants every year, at a rate of 4% a day, and can offer entry to about 40% of them在试卷中删掉了). In theory, the 9. success of an applicant should not depend on the few others 10. chosen ra