厦大大二微生物课件2013 2014第一章.pptx

微生物学 Microbiology;Outline;What is a microbe?;Why we learn it?The significance of microbe;How to learn?;Part one: Introduction to microbiology 2+ 6 (prokaryotic)+3 (eukaryotic)+4(virus) Part two: Microbial nutrition, growth and control(2+4) Part three: Microbial metabolism(8) Part four: Microbial molecular biology and genetics(7) Part five: The diversity of the microbial world(1+2) Part six: Ecology and symbiosis(2) Part seven: Pathogenicity and Host Response(5) Part eight: Microbial diseases, detection, and their control(1) Part nine: Applied microbiology(1) ;Assessment;The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology- ;1.1 Members of the microbial world;1.1.1 characteristics of microbes;1.1.2 microbial dimensions;1.1.3 Classification schemes -3 Domains;1.1.3.1 Domain bacteria;1.1.3.2 Domain archaea;1.1.3.3 Domain eucarya - eucaryotic;1.1.3.4 Acellular infectious agents;Viroids Infectious agents of plants composed only of single strand RNA ;What is a definition of Life ? ;cells and organization response to environmental changes growth and development biological evolution energy use and metabolism regulation and homeostasis reproduction;1.2.1 Origins of life;1.2.2 Earliest molecules – RNA？;1.3. Microbiology origins and microbiologist-pioneer;1.3 Microbiology - origins;Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723);Insert figure 1.9 (a) microscope;Louis pasteur (1822-1895);Showed microbes caused fermentation and spoilage Disproved spontaneous generation of microorganisms Developed pasteurization Demonstrated what is now known as Germ Theory of Disease Developed a rabies vaccine;Robert Koch (1843-1910);Agar(琼脂) petri dish(培养皿) nutrient broth and nutrient agar methods for isolating microorganisms;Joseph Lister – 干净的真正含义 introduced aseptic(无菌) techniques reducing microbes in medical settings to prevent infections involved disinfection(消毒) of hands using chemicals prior to surgery use of heat for sterilization(灭菌);1.4 Taxonomy: organizing, classifying and naming living thing