双语课ppt课件]American_Political_System__美国政治结构示意图.ppt

America‘s Political System美国现代政治制度 Political System State Government州政府 Union Government联邦政府 Based on federalism, the separation of powers, and respect for the constitution and the rule of law. Dealing with law and order, education, public health and things concerning daily lives. Foreign affairs and matters of general concern to all states. THE POLITICAL SYSTEM IN THE UNITED STATES Constitution Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law .It provides the framework for the organization of the United States Government. The document defines the three main branches of the government: The legislative branch with a bicameral Congress, an executive branch led by the President, and a judicial branch headed by the Supreme Court. Besides providing for the organization of these branches, the Constitution carefully outlines which powers each branch may exercise. It also reserves numerous rights for the individual states, thereby establishing the United States federal system of government. It is the shortest and oldest written constitution of any major sovereign state 一、The Legislative Branch Congress The Bicameral System（两院制） （1）The Senate （参议院） （2）The House of Representatives （众议院） Legislative Branch The legislative branch is made up of elected representatives from all of the states and is the only branch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes, declare war or put foreign treaties into effect. It consists of a Congress that is divided into two houses: The Senate House of Representatives Chief Official: President of the Senate (Vice President of the USA.) Chief Official: The Speaker of the House 1. The Senate Each of the 50 states elects two Senators regardless of population, that assures that the small states have an equal voice in one of the houses of Congress. The term for Senators is six years, but one third of them are elected every two years. A senator must be over 30 years old and