可再生能源与环境.ppt

The environmental impacts of renewable energy Zero–impact illusion Every type of energy utilization for electricity generation has environmental consequences, including renewable energies manufacture processes aesthetic impact use of large areas of land impact on the eco-system Issues to be addressed in the EU-MENA energy project Manufacture processes - 1 Due to the large size of the systems involved, manufacture, installation, maintenance and ultimately disposition of all the system components are to be optimised and subjected to an LCA analysis. Each of these processes require some energy input, which might significantly reduce the overall energy balance. ACTIONS REQUIRED: a) Development of rigorous process and activities integration b) Rigorous and quantitative LCA analysis Manufacture processes - 2 Should photovoltaic cells be considered, the hazardous materials contained in them (arsenic and cadmium) can pose a serious problem in areas subject to dust abrasion, such as deserts. Even silicon dust might pose a health problem. ACTIONS REQUIRED: a) Study of the rates of removal of hazardous materials from atmospheric agents b) Development of reliable regional models for the atmospheric dispersion and dry and wet settling of particulates generated from solar modules Issues to be addressed in the EU-MENA energy project Aesthetic impact - 1 The construction of wind turbines towers may reduce property values and natural amenities, damaging or preventing the development of tourist resort in both South European and North African coastlines. ACTION REQUIRED: a) Contingent analysis to identify the locations suitable for the construction of wind turbine towers Issues to be addressed in the EU-MENA energy project Aesthetic impact - 2