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（一） A. political B. supported C. gossip D. set E. contemporary F. literary G. alive H. significance I. enterprises J. figures It is impossible to imagine Paris without its cafés. The city has some 12,000 cafés varying in size, grandeur, and 41 . The cafés are like an extension of the French living room, a place to start and end the day, to __42_ and debate. When did the cafés in France start? The oldest café in Paris is Le Procope. It was opened in 1686 by Francesco Procopio dei Coltelli, the man who turned France into a coffee-drinking society. Le Procope attracted Paris’s political and 43 elite, and in this way played an important part among the upper class. By the end of the 18th century, all of Paris was intoxicated with （沉醉在）coffee and the city 44 some 700 cafés. These were like all-male clubs, with many functioning as centers of 45 life and discussion. By the 1840s the number of cafés had grown to 3,000. The men who gathered in these cafés and 46 the theme of the times included journalists, playwrights and writers. Around the turn of the 20th century, the sidewalk cafés became the meeting halls for artists and literary 47 . Nowadays in Paris cafés still play the role of picture windows for observing 48 life. The artists gathered at the café may not be as great as those of the past, but faces worth watching are just the same. Linger a bit and you will see that the Parisian stereotypes are still_49 and well. You’ll see the old men in navy berets; ultra-thin, bronzed women with hair dyed bright orange; and schoolchildren sharing an afternoon chocolate with their mothers. The café in Paris has always been a place for seeing and being seen. Until I took Dr. Offutt’s class, I was an underachieving student. But I left that class 50 _never to underachieve again. He not only taught me to think, he convinced me, as much by examples as words, that it was my _51 obligation to do so and to serve others. Neither of us could know how o