吴明：联合国翻译：高翻学院翻译实例讲评(一).ppt

高翻学院翻译实例讲评（一） A. 理解错误 B. 误译或不确切 C. 语句不通顺 D. 对翻译的要求 E. 参考译文全文 Original Text The prolonged drought has had devastating impacts on the socio-economic system, the human population and the ecology and environment in Africa. It has led to serious food scarcity---which has further exacerbated an already unfavourable food situation, malnutrition, disease, famine, loss of human lives, sharp depletion of animal stocks, increased poverty---particularly among the disadvantaged groups; imbalance in and desiccation of water resources; increased migration—particularly rural-urban migration; human suffering and hardship; and generally to the dislocation of the normal life situation and the fragile economies of many African countries. Furthermore, drought has aggravated the economic crisis in many African countries by intensifying the unemployment problem, depleting government revenues and the scarce foreign exchange earnings and stymying the rates of growth of the major productive sectors and of the economy as a whole. The abnormally dry years have also put extreme pressure on vegetation; it is estimated that the usable extent of the pastoral areas in the arid and semi-arid regions in Africa has been reduced by 25 per cent since the onset of the 1968 drought. In many African countries in which livestock wealth is of crucial importance to the national economy and the welfare of the population, livestock herds have been badly depleted as a result of the shortage of pasture and water, poor grazing conditions and animal diseases. The tragic consequences of the drought have been further aggravated by an increased disruption in the balance between the human/livestock population on the one hand and physical resources on the other, brought about by increasing human and livestock population pressures on the shrinking physical resources and by harmful human responses to the climatic variability and drought Furthermore, the impacts of drought are made devastatingly worse when it is