哈夫曼编码译码.doc

《数据结构》 课程设计报告 设计题目 哈夫曼编码译码 学院名称 信息工程学院 专 业 班 级 计算机科学与技术2班 姓 名 学 号 摘要 Huffman编码是一种可变长编码方式，是二叉树的一种特殊转化形式。它的原理是：将使用次数多的代码转换成长度较短的编码，而使用次数少的可以使用较长的编码，并且保持编码的唯一可解性。本文根据Huffman编码原理，在详细设计中，根据权值和最小的根本原则，我们输入要编码的字符集及其它的权值，再根据在概要设计中提到的节点Node类，算法SuanFa类以及主类JieMian类，建立哈夫曼树，并进行编码，最后输出哈夫曼编码。 在完成Huffman编码后，我们利用其构建的哈夫曼编码树来进行译码。与编码过程不同，译码过程中，我们将用户输入的二进制代码串依次与字符集中的每个字符的编码进行比较，译出一个字符后，循环比较下一个字符的编码，直到所有二进制码全部译出为止。 在编码和译码的过程中，我们遇到很多问题，诸如算法、语法问题，但我们都通过不断的分析，和调试将这些问题一一解决，最终建立了一个完整的编/译码系统。 关键词：Huffman编码树；最优二叉树；编码；译码 Abstract Huffman coding is a encoding of variable length and a special transformation form of the binary tree. Its principle is: the code that be used more often will be changed into the code of shorter lengths, while the codes that be used less often can be transformed into the code of longer lengths and the unique solution of coding will be kept. According to the theory of Huffman coding, firstly we enter the character set which will be used to coding and their weights. Secondly, according to the fundanmental principle that the sum of the weights needs to be the smallest , the program designs Huffman tree in accordance with these class which are initialized in the outline such as class Node,class SuanFa,and class JieMian. At last, the computer will output Huffman coding on user interface. And then, we use the Huffman coding tree to decoding after the completion of Huffman coding tree.Here are difference with encoding process. We will compare the binary string that the user input with the character set one by one during the processs of decoding .And then, the cycle of the next character encoding will continue which is based on the completion of translation of a character. It will be finished until all the binary code is translated. During the process of