句子成分及结构[1] (2).docVIP

高一衔接阶段学案二 Name: __________ Class: __________ Date: ___________ Designer: Li Aiqiong 句子成分及结构 句子成分 句子成分可分为主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语等。 一、主语 主语(subject)是一个句子的主题，是句子所述说的主体，表示句子主要说明的人或事物。它的位置一般在句首。可用作主语的常有名词等。 A leaf has fallen off the tree. He told me a story. Three is enough. 用下划线标下列句中的主语，并指出其词性 Lishui High School is a century-old school.________________ You are promising students.______________ Five divided by five is one.______________ The old should be well respected._______________ The idle are forced to work._________________ To exercise regularly is good for your health.__________ It is nice to see you again.__________ Smoking is harmful to your health.__________ Watching a movie is enjoyable.____________ “How do you do?” is a greeting.____________ That he will come here tomorrow is certain._________ 二、.谓语 谓语(predicate)用来说明主语的动作、状态或特征。一般在主语之后。 He worked hard all day today. He is looking after his little sister. 用下划线标出下列句子中的谓语，并指出其词性。 1、I love my father and mother.___________ 2、Tim didn’t know the reason.___________ 3、We have seen the film.___________ 4、They are looking for a boy.___________ 5、David must arrive early._____________ 三、表语 表语(predicative)的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它位于连系动词之后。可以用作表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、V-ing、介词短语、从句等。 I am busy. She is in good health. 用下划线标出下列句子中的谓语，并指出其词性。 1、 The apple tastes sweet________. 2、 The war was over.__________ 3、 Who was the first?__________ 4、 He is out of condition_________ 四、 宾语 宾语(object)在句子中主要充当谓语动作的承受者。可以用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、名词化的分词、介词短语、从句等。 We like English. Do you mean to leave home? 用下划线标出下列句子中的谓语，并指出其词性。 1、 He gave me some books.__________ 2、 I like my job.___________ 五、补语 补语(complement)是一种补充主语的意义的句子成分。补充主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补足语(subject complement),补充宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补足语(object complement)。 He was found dead. Please make yourself at home. 标出补语并翻译句子 1、I found the book interesting.____________________________________ 2、Do you smell something burning?__________________________________ 3、She asked me to lend h