URT不确定性减少理论.ppt

Uncertainty Reduction Theory 不确定性减少理论 　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　 ---XXX 　　　　　　 Three Parts History and Orientation Core Assumptions and Statements Seven important axioms Part One History and Orientation Uncertainty Reduction Theory (URT) also called Initial Interaction Theory was initially presented as a series of axioms which describe the relationships between uncertainty and several communication factors. URT was developed to describe the interrelationships between seven important factors in any dyadic exchange: verbal communication, nonverbal expressiveness, information-seeking behavior, intimacy, reciprocity, similarity, and liking. This theoretical perspective was originated by C.R. Berger and Calabrese in 1975. Part Two Core Assumptions and Statements Core: Uncertainty is unpleasant and therefore motivational; people communicate to reduce it. Uncertainty reduction follows a pattern of developmental stages: entry phase(进入阶段) personal phase(个人阶段) exit phase(退出阶段) Part Two Core Assumptions and Statements Conceptual Model Part Two Core Assumptions and Statements Three basic ways people seek information about another person Passive strategies Active strategies Interactive strategies Part Three Seven important axioms Axiom 1: Strangers enter an interaction with high levels of uncertainty about the other. However, as they begin to talk to one another, the level of uncertainty decreases. In turn, as the uncertainty decreases, the interactants will talk more. 公理1：在进入阶段,互动双方具有很高的不确定性，随着语言传播增加，互动参与者的不确定性降低，随之带来语言传播的增加。 uncertainty↑ verbal communication↓ relationship: negative Part Three Seven important axioms Axiom 2: As nonverbal expressive communication increases, uncertainty levels decrease, and vice versa. 公理2：当非语言表达的亲密性增加时，初次互动的不确定性就会降低。此外，不确定性降低会导致非语言表达的亲密性增加。 uncertainty↑ nonverbal affiliate expressiveness↓ Relationship: negative Part Three Seven important axioms Axiom 3: High