2012直击高考.语法专题详解---直接引语变间接引语研究.ppt

2012直击高考.语法专题详解---直接引语变间接引语 1.时态变化 1).时态需要变化的是： 2).时态不需要变化的是： ①.一般现在时变一般过去时： ?? The girl said, “Im sorry for being late for class.” ?? →The girl said that she was sorry for being late for class. ②.一般过去时变过去完成时： ?? He said to me, “I met your father.” ?? →He told me that he had met my father. ③.一般将来时变过去将来时： ?? She said, “He will go to see his friend.” ?? →She said he would go to see his friend. ④.现在完成时变过去完成时： ?? She said. “I have lost a pen.” ?? →She said that she had lost a pen ⑤.现在进行时变过去进行时： ?? She said to me, “I’m studying Japanese these days.” ?? →She told me that she was studying Japanese those days. 2).时态不需要变化的是： a. 直接引语中是： ①.客观真理： ? “The earth goes around the sun.” said the teacher. ?? →The teacher said the earth goes around the sun. ②.有具体的过去年月日： ?? Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 21,1980.” ?? →Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980. ③.过去完成时： ?? She said, “They had left when I arrived there.” ?? →She said they had left when she arrived there. ④.过去进行时： ?? Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” ?? →Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. ⑤.情态动词没有过去时的形式（ought to, had better, used to)或已经是过去时的形式时 (could, should, would, might)： ?? Peter said. “You had better come have today.” ?? →Peter said I had better go there that day. ?? He said , “I could swim when I was only six.” ?? →He said that he could swim when he was only six. ⑥.一般现在时(表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作)： ?? He said, “I get up at six every morning.” ?? →He said he gets up at six every morning. ⑦.一般现在时(表示所述事实在当时和目前同样生效)： ?? He said, “I’m a boy, not a girl.” ?? →He said that he is a boy, not a girl. b. 主句时态(引号外句子)是： ①.一般现在时。如： ?? He says, “I have finished my homework.” ?? →He says that he has finished his homework. ②.一般将来时。如： ?? She will say, “Ill do it tomorrow.” ?? →She will say that shell do it the next day. 2.人称变化 (一般遵循这句顺口溜 “一随主，二随宾，第三人称无变化”) 1).“一随主”是指引号内的主语人称是第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变间接引语时，人称要变成引号外的主语人称。如： ①.They said, “We will go there by bus.”