三、增词法与减词法.ppt

* * 增词法 一、根据意义上或修辞上的需要 1.增加动词 In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communique. 晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。 2.增加形容词 With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism! 中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！ 3.增加副词 The crowds melted away. 人群渐渐散开了。 As he sat down and began talking, words poured out. 他一坐下来就开讲了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 4.增加名词 Mary washed for a living after her husband died of acute pneumonia. 玛丽在丈夫患急性肺炎去世后，就靠洗衣服维持生活。 Day after day he came to his work – sweeping, scrubbing, cleaning. 他每天来干活——扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。 This typewriter is indeed cheap and fine. 这部打字机真是价廉物美。 He is a complicated man – moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak. 他是一个性格复杂的人——喜怒无常，反复多变，有些忧郁寡欢。 After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪后，飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。 He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge, and declared his own son guilty. 他的法官职责战胜了父子之情，从而判决他儿子有罪。 5.增加量词 a bike 一辆自行车 a mouth 一张嘴 a bad dream 一场恶梦 a full moon 一轮满月 A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。 6.增加承上启下的词 Yes, I like Chinese food. Lots of people do these days, sort of the fashion. 不错，我喜欢中国菜。现在很多人喜欢中国菜，这种情况算是有点赶时髦吧！ 因为已经犯了错误，而且还是很糟糕的错误。 For mistakes had been made, bad ones. 7.增补原文句子中所省略的动词 Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确。 An Eagle and a Fox had long lived together as good neighbors; the eagle at the summit of a high tree, the Fox in a hole at the foot of it. 一只鹰和一只狐狸长期友好地住在一起，鹰住在一棵高高地树顶上，狐狸住在树下的一个洞里。 We don’t retreat, we never have and never will. 我们不后退，我们从没有后退过，将来也决不后退。 8.增补原文比较句中的省略部分 The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were their own mistress. 仆人们愿意服侍她，就像他们愿意服侍他们的女主人一样。 Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own. 从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。 Assignments 1. They talked for almost eight hours, through dinner and well into the night. 他们谈了差不多八个小时，中间吃了一顿晚饭，接着谈到深夜。 2. He favored the efforts to impro